钊新维　裴海林　罗光辉　汪俊波

【摘 要】在某水电站检查过程中发现空冷器出现漏水的情况，对空冷器运行故障进行排查，发现空冷器故障原因为胀接口位置管壁减薄。为保障电站的运行安全，需要一段时间对空冷器的部件进行更换，并且在停运时间内制定了特训制度等相关运行策略。如何确定更换冷却管的材质、壁厚以及胀接工艺等成为更换方案制定过程中的困难因素。对此状况针对性地提出了一套更换方案：采用不锈钢冷却管胀焊工艺，增加管道壁厚。该方案的实施对确保大型水电站空冷器安全稳定的运行具有重要意义。

【关键词】空冷器;胀接口;漏水;更换方案

中图分类号： TQ051.5;TQ221.2 文献标识码： A文章编号： 2095-2457（2019）17-0030-002

DOI：10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2019.17.013

The Failure Analysis of Expanding Interface and the Replacing Scheme of

Air Cooler to Guaranteed Operation Program

ZHAO Xin-wei1 PEI Hai-lin2 LUO Guang-hui2 WANG Jun-bo2

（1.XIAN Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd， Xian Shaaxi 710000 China;

2.Nuozhadu hydraulic power plant of the Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Company，Yunnan Puer 665005 China）

【Abstract】During the inspection of a hydropower station， the water leakage of air cooler was founded. After the investigation found that the reason of this fault of air cooler is the thinning shell of pipe of expanding interface. To ensure the safety of power station operation，it must take some time to take the place of the parts of air cooler. In addition， and other relevant operation strategies like the special training system were formulated during decommissioning. It is hard to deside how to determine the replacement of the cooling pipe material， thickness and expansion process.

In view of this situation， put forward a replacement plan： Using expansion welding process for

stainless steel as cooling tube and increase the thickness of pipe wall. The implementation of the scheme is significance to ensure the safety and stability of air coolers in large hydropower station.

【Key words】Air cooler; Expanding interface; Water leakage; Replacement plan

0 引言

换热器（heat exchanger），是将热流体的部分热量传递给冷流体的设备，又称热交换器。换热器在化工、石油、动力、食品及其他许多工业生产中占有重要地位，其在化工生产中换热器可作为加热器、冷却器、冷凝器、蒸发器和再沸器等，应用广泛[1]。

水电站使用的冷却器主要部件是发电机推理轴承、发电机定子冷却器、发电机上导轴承，发电机下导轴承，水轮机水导轴承。通过在管程中运行冷却介质（如水），在壳程中运行被冷却介质如（空气/油），达到冷却定子或轴承的目的。随着机组的运行冷却器容易发生以下缺陷：端盖渗漏（焊缝缺陷或涨接间隙扩大），外壁机械损伤，外壁腐蚀，内壁腐蚀，内壁积垢。尤其是换热器胀接口缺陷，将直接导致换热器，严重影响机组安全稳定运行。……