汪泳 马文建

【摘要】 目的：分析300例體检女性妇科疾病患病现状及影响因素。方法：选取2016年2月-2018年4月300例在本院进行体检的女性作为研究对象，查阅其体检报告，分析妇科疾病患病情况，探究其影响因素。结果：300例体检女性中，146例患有妇科疾病，患病率48.67%，排在前三位的分别是乳腺增生26.33%、子宫肌瘤13.00%、阴道炎12.00%;40～49岁组患病率最高，107例患有一种及以上妇科疾病，患病率为60.11%;丧偶女性妇科疾病患病率最高，2例患有一种及以上妇科疾病，患病率为66.67%;初中及以下女性妇科疾病患病率最高，10例患有一种及以上妇科疾病，患病率为62.50%;长时间坐位、经常搬重物女性妇科疾病患病率均为100%。结论：体检女性所患妇科疾病以乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤及阴道炎为主，年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业均是其影响因素，政府应积极制定政策，基层卫生部门落实到位，针对性健康宣教，提高妇科疾病防治效果，提高女性生殖健康。

【关键词】 体检人群; 妇科疾病; 患病现状; 影响因素

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the current status and influencing factors of gynecological diseases in 300 women undergoing physical examination.Method：From February 2016 to April 2018，300 women who underwent physical examination in our hospital were selected as subjects.Their physical examination reports were consulted，the prevalence of gynecological diseases was analyzed，and the influencing factors were explored.Result：Of the 300 women examined，146 suffered from gynecological diseases，the prevalence rate was 48.67%，the top three were breast hyperplasia 26.33%，uterine fibroids 13.00%，vaginitis 12.00%.The morbidity rate of 40-49 age group was the highest，107 cases had one or more gynecological diseases，the prevalence rate was 60.11%.The morbidity rate of widowed women was the highest，2 cases had one or more gynecological diseases，the prevalence rate was 66.67%.The highest prevalence of gynecological diseases was found in women below junior middle school，10 cases had one or more gynecological diseases，the prevalence rate was 62.50%.The prevalence of gynecological diseases was 100% in women who sat for a long time and often carried heavy objects.Conclusion：The gynecological diseases of women with physical examination are mainly breast hyperplasia，uterine fibroids and vaginitis，and age，marital status，education level and occupation are all influencing factors，the government should actively develop policies，put in place primary health sector，targeted health education，improve the effect of gynecological disease prevention and treatment，improve female reproductive health.

【Key words】 Physical examination population; Gynecological diseases; Current status; Influencing factorsFirst-authors address：Shenzhen Longgang District Materenity and Child Heathcare Hospital，Shenzhen 518172，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.15.036

妇科疾病包括乳腺增生、子宫肌瘤、卵巢疾病、阴道炎、外阴瘙痒、白带增多、恶性肿瘤、子宫附件炎等，是常见病和多发病，对女性的身心健康造成严重的影响，不利于家庭的和谐[1-2]。随着女性对健康意识的加强，进行健康体检的女性逐年增加[3]，因此，对妇科疾病的防治提出了更高的要求，其前提是了解健康体检女性妇科疾病患病情况，分析其影响因素。现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2016年2月-2018年4月300例在本院进行体检的女性作为研究对象。……