查向阳　阿拉帕提·塔依尔江　贾凯　高杰

摘  要：以番茄品种‘金棚1号为试材，在体积比為7∶3∶1的草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩混合基质条件下，研究了50、60、70、80 cm不同种植行距及25、39 d不同移盆时间对番茄植株长势、产量及果实品质之间的影响，以期筛选土壤接力装置栽培番茄的适宜行距和适宜移盆时间的组合。结果表明，在同等灌溉条件下，7∶3∶1混合基质上，当移盆时间相同时，番茄植株茎粗随行距的增加而增加，单株叶面积随行距的变化没有明显的规律性;叶面积指数则随行距的增加而减小，单果质量、单株产量、小区产量均有随行距增加而增加的趋势;折合单位面积产量有随行距的增加而减小的趋势，但是各行距处理与对照组（CK）并无显著性的差异;80 cm大行距处理的维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量、番茄红素含量显著大于50 cm行距处理的含量（CK）。当行距相同时，2个移盆时间处理的各项指标之间均无规律，也没有太大的差异性。综合比较，推荐80 cm行距，39 d集中管理时间为新疆地区土壤接力装置栽培番茄的适宜的行距和移盆时间组合。

关键词：番茄;土壤接力装置;移盆时间;行距;产量

Abstract： In order to select the suitable row spacing and transplanting time for tomato cultivated by matrix-soil relay device， the tomato cultivar ‘Jin Peng 1 was used as the test material， the composite substrate with peat， vermiculite and perlite （volume ratio = 7∶3∶1） was used， the different row spacing （50， 60， 70 and 80 cm） and different transplanting time （25 d and 39 d） were carried out in this research， the growth， yield and fruit quality of tomato plants were studied. The results showed that under the same irrigation condition， when the transplanting time was the same， the stem diameter， single fruit weight， single plant yield and plot yield of tomato were increased with the increase of row spacing， while the leaf area was not affected by row spacing. The leaf area index was decreased with the increase of row spacing. The yield per unit area was decreased along with the increase of row spacing，  but there was no significant difference between the treatment and the control group. The contents of Vitamin C， soluble protein and lycopene in the 80 cm row spacing fruits were significantly higher than those of the 50 cm row spacing （CK）. When the row spacing was the same， the growth， yield and fruit quality of tomato were not affected by transplanting time. In conclution， the best recommended for tomato cultivated by matrix-soil relay device was with 80 cm row spacing and 39 d centralized management time in Xinjiang region.

Key words： Tomato; Soil relay device; Move the basin time; Row spacing; Yield

近年来，无土栽培在我国蔬菜保护地栽培中逐渐发展起来[1]。利用无土栽培，可有效克服土传病害和连作障碍，与土壤栽培有明显的比较优势[2]。而无土栽培中的养分又没有土壤中的养分全面，该土壤接力装置可使无土栽培和土壤栽培合理的结合，发挥两者最大的优势提高其单株的产量。合理密植又是蔬菜高产、优质的基础。……