焦荻　商纪鹏　高素燕　何伟　郝建全　王钦　焦定量

摘    要： ‘津花24是天津科润蔬菜研究所以自交系‘12TH-32为母本、自交系‘12R-66为父本选育而成的二倍体西瓜杂交1代新品种。该品种早春大棚种植全生育期100 d左右，果实发育期30 d左右。果实高圆形，果形指数1.06。果皮浅绿色覆墨绿锯齿条带，果皮厚度0.8 cm，瓤色鲜红，瓤质酥脆多汁，纤维少，口感好。中心可溶性固性物含量 （w，后同）12.0%，边部9.0%。植株长势较强，易坐果，中抗西瓜枯萎病。单瓜质量5～7 kg，667 m2产量在4 000 kg以上。适合北方保护地嫁接栽培及河南、安徽、江苏等地大棚栽培。2018年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记。

关键词： 西瓜; 新品种; ‘津花24; 抗病; 优质

Abstract：‘Jinhua 24is a new F1 hybrid diploid watermelon which is crossed the female inbred line of‘12TH-32with the male inbred line of ‘12TH-57.The whole growth period is about 100 days and fruit development period is about 30 days in early spring greenhouse. The fruit is high round and shape index is 1.06. The rind has pale green skin with dark narrow stripes， 0.8 cm in thickness.The flesh is red and crisp with fine texture， less fiber and good taste. The soluble solid content of center and the edge are 12.0% and 9.0% respectively. It has strong growth vigor and sets fruit easily. It has medium resistance to Fusarium wilt. The average fruit weight is about 5-7 kg and yield per 667 m2 is about 4 000 kg. It is suitable for grafting cultivation in protected field in north China and plastic mulching culture in Henan， Anhui and Jiangsu province.

Key words： Watermelon; New variety; ‘Jinhua 24; Resistance; Good quality

1 育种目标

我國是西瓜的生产与消费大国，近年来随着大棚设施增加，大棚西瓜种植面积也在不断扩大[1-2]。大棚栽培延长了供应期，提高了产量，增加了效益，却导致了重茬现象发生，病虫害的加剧[3]。克服连作障碍的发生，主要是采用南瓜砧木嫁接和筛选抗病性强的西瓜品种[4]。目前选用的砧木品种，保持了原有西瓜品种的品质，带有抗病基因的西瓜接穗更能提高植株整体的抗病能力，2种办法都一定程度上解决了大棚西瓜种植的连作障碍问题。

随着人们生活水平的提高，人们对瓜果品质的要求越来越高，西瓜育种也从过去的追求产量，逐渐到目前越来越注重西瓜的品质育种[5]。如‘84-24类麒麟西瓜，因其瓤质酥脆、口感好、品质佳，而深受广大消费者青睐[6]。市场上供应价格高出一般西瓜品种1～2倍，种植面积迅速扩大，成为了目前种植面积最大的早熟、优质西瓜品种。……