基于DEA的高校产学研协同创新效率比较研究
2019-07-19罗筑华



[摘 要]通过数据包络分析(DEA)的方法,對教育部直属高校产学研协同创新活动的技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率进行分析。研究发现,虽然高校的产学研协同创新规模在不断扩大,但是大部分高等院校与生产前沿面有较大的差距。高等院校产学研协同创新的规模效率在2010年后出现小幅上升,但技术效率和纯技术效率一直没有明显的上升趋势。在产学研协同创新技术效率方面,东部高校高于中西部高校。在产学研协同创新技术效率和纯技术效率方面,师范类高校高于综合类高校和理工农医类高校。因此,需进一步完善高校产学研协同创新的体制机制,推动人才、资金、信息、技术的融合。
[关键词]产学研;协同创新;区域差异;学科差异
[中图分类号]G640[文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372(2019)02-0111-05
Abstract:By the means of data envelopment analysis (DEA), this study analyzes the technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of industry-university-research collaborative innovation in universities directly under the Ministry of Education. It is found that although the scale of industry-university-research collaborative innovation in colleges and universities is constantly expanding, most colleges and universities are far from the production frontier. The scale efficiency of industry-university-research collaborative innovation in institutions of higher learning increased slightly after 2010, but technological efficiency and pure technical efficiency had no obvious upward trend. In terms of the efficiency of industry-university-research collaborative innovation technology, the universities in East China are higher than those in the central and western regions. In terms of the technical efficiency and the pure technical efficiency of industry-university-research collaborative innovation, normal colleges and universities are higher than the comprehensive colleges and universities of science, engineering, agriculture and medicine. Therefore, the system and mechanism should be further improved to promote the integration of talents, funds, information and technology.
Key words:industry-university-research; collaborative innovation; regional differences; disciplinary differences
一、引言
与传统的产学研合作相比,产学研协同创新是围绕新技术的推广应用和新产品的研究开发,进行科学研究和人才培养,进而推进相关产业的发展。产学研协同创新日益成为推动国家科技行业发展和提升产业技术水平的重要途径,是一个国家创新体系的重要组成部分。改革开放以来,我国高等教育蓬勃发展,高等院校的产学研协同创新能力也在提高。2012年财政部和教育部牵头实施《高等学校创新能力提升计划》(简称“2011计划”),大力推进高校构筑人才、学科、科研等一体化的产学研创新体系。党的十九大报告明确提出,“深化科技体制改革,建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系”,高效的产学研协同创新效率是产学研合作的重要目标。……
