基于双弯曲质点弹簧系统的Waterbomb铺嵌快速模拟
2019-06-07于丽洁孙红岩
于丽洁 孙红岩



摘 要:通过对Waterbomb铺嵌模型的结构分析,提出双弯曲质点弹簧系统并对其进行模拟。根据与棱相邻的三角形面片是否对称,将Waterbomb铺嵌模型的非边界棱(边)归为两类,建立两类弯曲弹簧,设置不同的弯曲弹性系数,该质点弹簧系统被称为双弯曲质点弹簧系统。然后运用隐式欧拉法和块坐标下降法求解最小化问题,得到下一时刻物体运动变形的速度和位置,实现对Waterbomb铺嵌模型快速、稳定和准确的模拟。实验证明,在误差允许范围内,该算法速度快于牛顿法。相比单弯曲(基本)系统,双弯曲质点弹簧系统提升了模拟稳定性、真实性,并减小了误差。
关键词:质点弹簧系统;弹性变形模拟;薄壳;Waterbomb折纸铺嵌;双弯曲质点弹簧系统
DOI:10. 11907/rjdk. 181788
中图分类号:TP317.4文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-7800(2019)001-0186-06
Abstract:According to the analysis of waterbomb tessellation model structure, bi-bending mass-spring system is proposed to simulate waterbomb tessellation. According to the symmetry of the triangular facets adjacent to the edge, the non boundary edges of the waterbomb tessellation model are classified into two classes, and two kinds of bending springs are established with different bending elasticity coefficients. This mass-spring system is called the bi-bending mass-spring system. Then, we use the implicit Euler method and solve the minimization problem by block coordinate descent method (also known as alternating optimization) to get the velocity and position of the movement and deformation of the object at the next time. This paper realizes the fast, stable and accurate simulation of waterbomb tessellation model. Within the allowable error range, the algorithm is faster than Newtons method. Compared with the single bending (basic) system, the bi-bending mass-spring system further improves the stability and realism of the simulation and reduces the error.
0 引言
基于物理的模拟方法符合客观物体运动和变形规律,能够很好地保持运动和变形的真实性。在基于物理的模拟中,模型的表示方法包括质点弹簧模型、有限元模型、无网格表达等。质点弹簧模型由一系列质点和连接各个质点的弹簧构成,是一种最简单的弹性体模拟方法,在图形学中得到了快速发展。不同种类的弹簧具有不同特性。
在图形学的物理模拟中,薄壳容易弯曲、宽度与厚度之比大于100,在未变形状态下是弯曲的结构[1]。而与之相对的薄板在未受力状态下是平整的。常见的薄壳结构有轿车外壳、草帽、纸张、鸡蛋壳、树叶等。
纸张本身是刚性的薄壳结构。当纸张被折叠,形成具有负泊松比的铺嵌模型时,纸张整体便具有了弹性,成为柔性曲面,可形成各种形状。……
