模糊PID消防机器人无刷直流电机驱动系统设计
2019-06-07赵伟赵晓侠
赵伟 赵晓侠



摘 要:传统消防机器人主要运用有刷直流電机和经典PID控制。提出一种将无刷直流电机和模糊PID控制算法相结合的电机驱动系统,为消防机器人提供低速大转矩驱动。通过建立无刷直流电机控制系统模型和模糊PID控制设计,在MATLAB/Simulink仿真环境下建立系统仿真模型。在仿真环境中将传统PID控制器和模糊PID控制器各项指标作对比,结果表明使用无刷直流电机并运用模糊PID控制器组成的消防机器人,具有良好的静动态性能、抗干扰能力及转速/转矩特性。为验证试验的可靠性,建立消防机器人实物模型,对机器人进行整体测试,表明模糊PID消防机器人爬坡、越障、爬楼梯能力强,具有实用价值。
关键词:消防机器人;低速大转矩;模糊控制;PID控制器;无刷直流电机
DOI:10.11907/rjdk.181712
中图分类号:TP303文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-7800(2019)001-0022-06
Abstract:Traditional fire fighting robots mainly use brushed DC motors and classical PID control. Now a brushless DC motor and fuzzy PID control algorithm are combined to form a motor drive system, which provides low-speed and high-torque drive for fire fighting robots. Through the establishment of a brushless DC motor control system model and the design of fuzzy PID control, a system simulation model is established under the MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment. In the simulation environment, the traditional PID controller and fuzzy PID controller are compared. The simulation results show that the fire robot composed of brushless DC motor and fuzzy PID controller has good static and dynamic performance and anti-jamming capability as well as good speed/torque characteristics. In order to verify the reliability of the test, a physical model of the fire-fighting robot is established. Through the overall testing of the robot, it is shown that the fuzzy PID fire-fighting robot has strong ability of climbing, obstacle crossing and stair climbing, and has practical value.
Key Words:fire-fighting robot;low speed high torque;fuzzy control;PID controller;brushless DC motor
0 引言
火灾事故发生时,消防人员进入火灾现场面临生命威胁, 消防机器人应运而生,成为抢险救灾不可或缺的一部分[1]。
消防机器人发展分为3个阶段,早期是程序控制消防机器人,然后发展为具有感觉工程的消防机器人,目前发展为智能化消防机器人[2-3]。美国、俄罗斯、日本、英国、德国等国家的消防机器人技术在国际上领先。美国的安德罗斯F6A机器人,搭载热成像和摄像系统。卡内基梅隆大学设计的干合成粘性材料攀爬机器人,模仿壁虎脚的吸附能力,可以在墙上作业。英国安防公司生产的消防遥控车,综合了监控、热成像、有线及无线控制。德国巴斯夫机器人研究所研究的遥控机器人,能够检测有毒气体和火灾位置。……
