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厚皮甜瓜新品种‘京蜜8号’的选育

2019-05-13张雪梅陈艳利

中国瓜菜 2019年1期

张雪梅 陈艳利

摘 要:‘京蜜8号是以‘B203为母本、‘T24为父本选育而成的杂交1代厚皮甜瓜新品种。该品种植株长势稳健,中晚熟,全生育期115~120 d,果实发育期46~50 d。 果实椭圆形,果形指数1.21,果皮浅黄色,覆白色网纹,外形美观,果肉浅橙色,肉质松脆,口感清香,果肉厚度约3.9 cm,单果质量1.50 kg左右,667 m?产量约2 600 kg。中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15.5%~16.5%,边部11.5%。不脱蒂,极耐贮运。适宜北京、河北、河南、内蒙古、浙江、山东、陕西等地区设施栽培,2016年7月通过北京市种子管理站鉴定。

关键词: 厚皮甜瓜; 新品种; ‘京蜜8号

Abstract: ‘Jingmi-8is a new muskmelon F1 hybrid, which is developed by ‘B203 as female parent and ‘T24 as male parent. The variety is medium late maturity, the plants grow vigorously. The whole growth period is 115-120 days and the fruit development period is 46-50 days. The fruit is elliptic shaped with beautiful appearance and the shape index is 1.21. The fruit skin is light yellow with white net. The flesh is light orange and delicious. The flesh thickness is about 3.9 cm. The average fruit weight is about 1.50 kg and yield on 667m2 is 2 600.0 kg. The soluble solids contents of center and the edge are 15.5%-16.5% and 11.5% respectively. It has good storage and transportion properties. It is suitable for greenhouse cultivation in Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang, Shandong and Shaanxi.

Key words: Muskmelon; New variety; ‘Jingmi-8.

1 育种目标

甜瓜是葫芦科蔓生草本植物,可作为高档果品,是人们喜爱的十大水果之一[1]。我国甜瓜栽培历史悠久,且发展迅速,随着我国种植业结构的调整及农业的快速发展,甜瓜的种植面积逐年扩大,目前,种植面积及产量均居世界首位[2]。从20世纪90年代起,我国部分地区的日光温室、大棚等设施开始大面积种植厚皮甜瓜,种植以日本、韩国及我国台湾引进的‘伊丽莎白‘状元等品种为主,几年后,我国本土育种家也相继选育出了许多厚皮甜瓜优良品种[3-5],但市场上优秀的甜瓜品种仍不足,与人们的消费需求差距较大,多元化的甜瓜品种成为种植农户和消费者的共同需求[6-7]。针对这种现状,北京市农业技术推广站以选育果实品质好、中晚熟、肉质酥脆、中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15.0%以上、单果质量1.5 kg左右、果皮黄色(浅黄色)的网纹甜瓜类型为育种目标,同时总结出了相应的配套栽培技术,建立试验、示范基地进行推广,以满足不同类型的消费者需求。……

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