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合并高同型半胱氨酸血症的脑白质疏松症患者的认知功能评价及甲钴胺干预研究

2019-04-01杨茜黄振宇陈红高文黄广苏陈笠陈炜王栋慧

右江医学 2019年2期

杨茜 黄振宇 陈红 高文 黄广苏 陈笠 陈炜 王栋慧

【摘要】 目的 评价合并高同型半胱氨酸血症(Hhcy)的脑白质疏松症(LA)患者的认知功能,观察甲钴胺干预治疗后认知功能的变化。方法 選择合并Hhcy的LA患者100例为甲组,无Hhcy的LA患者90 例为乙组,甲组予基础治疗的同时,予甲钴胺干预治疗12周,乙组仅给予基础治疗12周,观察干预前后两组血浆Hcy水平及简易精神状态量表(MMSE)、Hachinski缺血积分(HIS)、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、总体衰退量表(GDS)评分的变化。结果 随着LA程度的加重,甲乙两组患者的认知功能均下降(P<0.01),在中重度白质病变患者组,甲组MMSE、HIS、ADL、GDS评分与乙组相比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。甲组经甲钴胺干预治疗12周后血浆Hcy水平下降至正常范围,认知障碍评分有好转趋势,中度白质病变患者组中HIS、GDS评分较干预治疗前下降(P<0.01),重度白质病变患者组中MMSE、ADL、GDS评分较干预治疗前下降(P<0.01)。结论 随着LA程度的加重,合并Hhcy的LA患者较单纯LA患者的认知功能明显下降,予甲钴胺治疗后血浆Hcy水平降至正常范围,认知功能有所改善。

【关键词】 高同型半胱氨酸血症;脑白质疏松症;认知功能障碍;甲钴胺

中图分类号:R749.1+3   文献标志码:A   DOI:10.3969/j.issn.10031383.2019.02.002

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the cognitive function in patients with leukoaraiosis(LA) complicated with hyperhomocysteinemia(Hhcy),and to observe the changes of cognitive function after mecobalamin intervention.Methods 100 LA patients complicated with Hhcy were selected as group A,and 90 LA patients without Hhcy were selected as group B.The group A were treated with mecobalamin for 12 weeks on the basis of basic therapy,while the group B were only given basic therapy for 12 weeks.And then,the changes of plasma Hcy level and minimental state scale(MMSE),Hachinski ischemic score(HIS),clinical dementia rating scale(CDR),activity of daily living scale(ADL) and global decline scale(GDS) before and after intervention were observed between the two groups.Results The cognitive functions of both group A and group B decreased with the aggravation of LA(P<0.01).There was a statistically significant difference in MMSE,HIS,ADL and GDS scores between the group A and the group B in patients with moderate or severe white matter lesions(P<0.01).In the group A,the level of plasma Hcy decreased to normal range after 12 weeks of mecobalamin treatment,and the cognitive impairment score showed a trend of improvement,the HIS and GDS scores in patients with moderate white matter lesions were lower than those before intervention(P<0.01),and the MMSE,ADL and GDS scores in patients with severe white matter lesions were lower than those before intervention(P<0.01).Conclusion With the aggravation of LA,the cognitive function of LA patients with Hhcy was significantly lower than that of LA patients without Hhcy.After mecobalamin treatment,plasma Hcy level decreases to normal range,and the cognitive function improves.

【Key words】 Hhcy;LA;cognitive impairment;mecobalamin

脑白质疏松症(Leukoaraiosis,LA)是Hachinski等[1]于1987年提出的一个影像学术语,用以描述脑室周围或半卵圆中心白质区域斑点或斑片状CT上低密度灶或MRI T2WI上高信号的影像学表现。目前认为LA属于脑小血管病的一个类型[2~3],与认知功能障碍有关[4~5]。高同型半胱氨酸血症(Hyperhomocysteinemia,Hhcy)是脑血管病的一种重要独立危险因素,也是缺血性LA的一个独立危险因素,与LA的发生发展有关[6]。LA所致的认知功能障碍严重影响了人们的生活质量,早期干预、延缓病程、改善预后已成为当前刻不容缓的任务。本研究评价合并Hhcy的LA患者认知功能损害程度,并通过甲钴胺干预治疗,观察纠正Hcy后LA认知功能损害的变化,对LA认知功能障碍的防治有着现实意义。

1 资料与方法

1.1 研究对象 收集2013年1月~2015年12月在本院住院或门诊就诊的LA患者190例。研究经医院伦理委员会同意,参与调查者均知情签字同意。……

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