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薄皮甜瓜新品种‘酥蜜三号’的选育

2019-01-13朱学杰朱忠厚朱真真郭大龙

中国瓜菜 2019年12期

朱学杰 朱忠厚 朱真真 郭大龙

摘 要: ‘酥蜜三号是以自育自交系‘15B-241H为母本、‘724-3-9为父本选育而成的薄皮甜瓜新品种。该品种叶色浓绿,生长势强,抗逆性、抗病性较强,一致性好,易坐果,果实发育期 32~35 d 左右。果实长圆筒形,单果质量800~1 200 g,果皮浅绿色,果肉浅橙红色,肉质酥脆,口感好,果肉厚度1.8~2.2 cm,中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15%左右,边部12.2%,较耐贮运。一般667 m2产量2 700~2 900 kg。适宜各地早春及夏秋季保护地栽培。于2019年1月通过国家非主要农作物品种登记,登记号GPD 甜瓜(2018)410830。

关键词: 甜瓜; 新品种; ‘酥蜜三号; 优质; 耐贮运

Breeding of a new melon variety ‘Sumi No. 3

ZHU Xuejie1, ZHU Zhonghou1, ZHU Zhenzhen1, GUO Dalong2

Abstract: ‘Sumi No. 3 is a new melon variety which developed by crossing inbred line‘15B-241H as female parent and ‘724-3-9 as male parent. The fruit development period is 32-35 days. The leaf color is dark green. The plant is vigorous with disease resistance. It is easy to set fruit.  The fruit is long cylindrical shaped with light green skin. The flesh is light orange red, crisp, juicy and good-tasty. It has strong tolerance to transportation and good storability. The average single fruit weight is 0.8-1.2 kg. The center soluble solids content is about 15% on average. The yield per 667 m2 is 2 700-2 900 kg. This variety is suitable for cultivation in early spring or protected cultivation in summer and autumn.

Key words: Melon; New variety; ‘Sumi No. 3; Good quality; Storage tolerance

1 育种目标

甜瓜因其具有香甜浓郁的口感而深受消费者欢迎,河南省地处中原地区,是全国西瓜甜瓜生产的优势产区之一[1]。据统计,2016河南省甜瓜栽培面积5.24万hm2,产量211万t,居全国总面积的第二位[2]。目前种植的薄皮甜瓜以日本培育的‘绿宝为主栽品种,‘绿宝以早熟酥脆的优势曾一度占据我国华北地区薄皮甜瓜种植面积的半壁江山[3-4],然而因其果肉薄、产量低、贮运性较差等缺点限制了瓜田经济效益的进一步提高[4],品种更新滞后,结构单一,在销售上的优势也逐渐消失,满足不了市场需求[5]。从2002年始,笔者开展了把厚皮甜瓜的优良基因导入薄皮甜瓜的育种工作,为育成一些兼具薄皮甜瓜与厚皮甜瓜优点且能够广泛适宜于我国大部分瓜区种植的甜瓜新品种[6-7]。具体目标为单位面积产量显著高于日本‘绿宝,果肉中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)15%以上,各项主要经济指标与日本‘绿宝相比较显著提高。……

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