樊煜 李治勤 晏清洪 王银花

摘    要：为筛选出利于樱桃萝卜生长的施用方式，以腐殖酸和沙子为基质，设置3种处理（T1～T3），采用随机排列的方法，研究了3种方式对樱桃萝卜发芽和生长的影响。结果表明：T2处理的发芽率和发芽势分别为79.63%、76.85%，均显著高于其他2组;T1处理樱桃萝卜的各项生长指标均为最高，缨高为14.87 cm，缨开展度为10.70 cm，叶片数为7.2片，萝卜宽为2.47 cm，萝卜高为2.8 cm，萝卜周长为7.83 cm，不同施用方式对樱桃萝卜缨高、叶片数、萝卜宽、萝卜高、萝卜周长的影响显著，对缨开展度的影响不显著;T1处理萝卜缨的鲜质量和干质量比其他组最高增加了19.08%和43.13%，萝卜的鲜质量和干质量分别最大增加了14.45%、16.88%，不同施用方式对萝卜缨和萝卜鲜质量和干质量的影响均显著。推荐采取在纯沙条件下萌发，然后移栽到T1：20%腐殖酸+80%沙子混施基质中生长。

关键词：樱桃萝卜;层施;混施;发芽;生长

Effects of humic acid application on the germination and growth of potted cherry radish

FAN Yu1， LI Zhiqin1， YAN Qinghong2， WANG Yinhua1

（1. College of Water Conservancy Engineering， Taiyuan University of Technology， Taiyuan 030024， Shanxi， China; 2. Water Conservancy Research Institute， China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research， Beijing 100044， China）

Abstract： In order to screen out the suitable application methods for cherry radish， three treatments （T1-T3） were set up with humic acid and sand as substrates. The effects of three treatments on the germination and growth of cherry radish were studied by random arrangement. The results showed that the germination rate and germination potential of T2 treatment were 79.63% and 76.85%， which were significantly higher than those of the other two groups. The growth indexes of cherry radish of T1 treatment were the highest， the height of the tassel was 14.87 cm， the degree of development of tassel was 10.70 cm， the number of leaves was 7.2 sheets， the width of radish was 2.47 cm， the height of radish was 2.8 cm， the perimeter of radish was 7.83 cm. The effects of different application methods on the tassel height， leaf number， radish width， radish height and radish perimeter of radish were significant， while the degree of development of tassel was not significantly affected. The fresh weight and dry weight of tassel of T1 treatment were significantly increased by 19.08% and 43.13% compared with other groups， and the fresh weight and dry weight of radish were remarkably increased by 14.45% and 16.88%. It is recommended to germination under pure sand conditions and then transplanted to T1： 20% humic acid + 80% sand mixed medium for growth.

Key words： Cherry radish;Stratified fertilization;Mixed fertilization;Germination;Growth

櫻桃萝卜引自日本，体型小，根皮红色、肉白色，品质细嫩、清爽可口，生长迅速，色泽美观而且有较高的营养价值[1]。樱桃萝卜可以生食、炒食、淹渍、配菜等，深受广大消费者的青睐。樱桃萝卜还具有通气、健胃消食、止咳化痰、止泄、利尿等功效。而萝卜缨能“化痰止咳，消食理气”，清除体内自由基，延缓衰老，可美白、增强皮肤弹性、预防色斑[2]。樱桃萝卜生长速度快，生产周期短，采用设施栽培，一年可种植多茬，属易管理、收益快的蔬菜类型[3-4]。

腐殖酸是一种新型的多功能肥料，是将腐殖酸从泥炭、褐煤、风化煤等物质中分离出来之后再与氮、磷、钾及微量元素化合而制成[5]。……