不同混配基质对棱丝瓜幼苗生长的影响
2019-01-13王珧王博伟陈艳丽王旭曾丽萍朱国鹏
王珧 王博伟 陈艳丽 王旭 曾丽萍 朱国鹏



摘 要:为筛选出以木渣为基础的适合热带地区棱丝瓜无土育苗的复合有机基质配方,以木渣、蔗渣与椰糠等3种热带有机基质为基础,研究了6个不同混合基质配比(木渣、蔗渣、椰糠按照体积混合,体积比分别为:M1:10∶0∶0;M2:6∶0∶4;M3:6∶1∶3;M4:6∶2∶2;M5:6∶3∶1;M6:6∶4∶0)对棱丝瓜幼苗生长的影响。试验结果表明,M6处理出芽率最高,为93.06%,其次是M4、M3、M1、M5;从形态指标上看,M3处理各项指标表现最优,与其他各处理差异显著或极显著;从生理指标上看,CK1和M3处理整体表现最好,与其余各处理差异显著或极显著。综合来看,M3处理形态和生理指标整体表现最优,是以木渣为基础的适合热带地区棱丝瓜无土育苗基质的较优配方。
关键词:棱丝瓜;木渣;育苗;基质配方
Effect of different matrix formula to Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. seedling growth
WANG Yao, WANG Bowei, CHEN Yanli, WANG Xu, ZENG Liping, ZHU Guopeng
(Institute of Horticulture, Hainan University , Haikou 570228, Hainan, China)
Abstract: In order to screen out the composite organic seedling matrix formula for Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb, the effect of six different proportions of composite organic matrix(wood residue, bagasse and coco coir are mixed by volume, and the volume ratio is M1:10∶0∶0;M2:6∶0∶4;M3:6∶1∶3;M4:6∶2∶2;M5:6∶3∶1;M6:6∶4∶0, respectively ) on the seedling of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. were studied. The results showed that the rate of emergence of treatment M6 (93.06%) was the highest, followed by M4, M3, M1, M5. The treatment M3 exhibited the best morphological indicators, which were found significant difference with other treatments. The treatment of CK1 and M3 showed the best physiological indicators, which were observed significant difference with other treatments. In conclusion, the treatment of M3 was the best composite organic matrix seedling matrix formula for Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. based on wood residue in tropics.
Key words: Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.; Wood residue; Seedling; Matrix Formula
有棱絲瓜[Luffa acutangula(L.)Roxb.]品质脆嫩、味清爽口,是华南地区的特色蔬菜。由于其喜温惧寒,两广地区和北方温棚在冬春季节很难种植,海南依托丰富的光热资源,利用季节差种植有棱丝瓜具有独特的优势[1]。有棱丝瓜在海南四季均有大面积的栽培,其产品不但北运内销,且大量出口港澳市场,是出口创汇的主要蔬菜品种之一。有棱丝瓜秋季繁制的新种子,在当年冬春季节播种,普遍会出现发芽率低、发芽缓慢、出苗不整齐等现象,而且丝瓜土壤育苗移栽成活率较低,因此对丝瓜进行基质护根育苗尤为重要,不同基质配方会影响丝瓜幼苗的质量[2]。结合海南本地资源,筛选适宜的丝瓜无土栽培育苗基质配方是棱丝瓜培育壮苗的主要措施之一,据统计,基质栽培是无土栽培面积最大,应用最广泛的栽培方式,且世界上90%的商业性无土栽培采用基质栽培,基质主要有岩棉、泥炭、珍珠岩、锯木屑、树皮、椰子纤维等[3-6]。……
