刘勇 黄伟康 吴乾兴 王爽 黄国宋 叶其宏 罗丰 王少丽 孔祥义

摘 要：实蝇是园艺作物上的重大害虫，长期使用化学防治已产生抗药性，为减缓实蝇的抗药性产生速度而开展了实蝇类害虫绿色防控技术研究。通过对甜瓜及苦瓜上的实蝇种类进行调查，并比较了4种不同诱捕方法对瓜实蝇、橘小实蝇的诱捕效果。结果表明，甜瓜大棚内的实蝇优势种群为瓜实蝇（Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett），露地苦瓜的实蝇优势种群为橘小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis Hende）;4种不同诱捕处理对瓜实蝇、橘小实蝇的诱捕效果差异显著，其中黄色粘虫板+瓜果实蝇诱粘剂的诱捕处理诱捕的瓜实蝇、橘小实蝇数量最多，诱捕效果最好，建议生产上可结合使用悬挂黄色粘虫板+瓜果实蝇诱粘剂的诱捕方法防治瓜实蝇、橘小实蝇。

关键词：甜瓜;苦瓜;诱捕处理; 瓜实蝇; 橘小实蝇

Studies on identification of dominant species of fruit flies on cucubit plants and effects of different trapping treatments in Sanya

LIU Yong1， HUAN Weikang1， WU Qianxing1， WANG Shuang1， HUANG Guosong1， YE Qihong1， LUO Feng1， WANG Shaoli2， KONG Xiangyi1

（1. Sanya Science and Technology Academy for Crop Winter Multiplication， Sanya 572000， Hainan， China; 2. Institute of Vegetable and Flowers， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China）

Abstract： Fruit fly is a major pest on horticultural crops， the long time using of chemical insecticides results in resistance. In order to slow down the production rate of resistance， this study carried out green control technology on fruit flies. In this study， the species of fruit flies on melon and balsam pear were investigated， and the trapping effects of four different trapping methods on Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera dorsalis were compared. The results showed that the dominant population of fruit flies in greenhouse muskmelon was B. cucurbitae， and the dominant population of fruit flies in balsam pear field was B.dorsalis. The trapping effects of four different trapping treatments on the two species of fruit flies were significantly different， the trapping effect were best by the way using yellow sticky insect board and fruit fly attractant. It was suggested that yellow sticky insect board and fruit fly attractant could be used to control B.cucurbitae and B. dorsalis.

Key words： Melon; Bitter gourd; Trapping treatment; Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett; Bactrocera dorsalis Hende

瓜實蝇（Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett）和橘小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis Hende），是瓜类蔬菜作物的重要害虫，属双翅目，实蝇科[1-2]，体型似蜂，俗称“针蜂”。成虫产卵于新鲜水果、蔬菜的表皮下，幼虫孵化后取食寄主组织，造成果实畸形、组织腐烂、落果，造成严重的经济损失。

目前，化学药剂防治实蝇是生产上常用的方法，但由于实蝇类害虫寄主范围广，繁殖能力强，成虫善飞，幼虫喜钻蛀，化学药剂很难有效控制这类害虫的发生[3]，且已对多种药剂产生抗药性[4-5]，部分地区达到中等抗药性[6]。实蝇绿色防控是减缓抗药产生的主要手段，目前绿色防治实蝇技术主要有生防菌、释放寄生蜂、套袋、诱虫灯、粘虫板等。其中生防……