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硝酸铵对园林景观坪用早熟禾色素含量的影响

2018-12-27刘振平张吉立

天津农业科学 2018年11期

刘振平 张吉立

摘 要:为研究硝酸铵对草坪色素含量的影响,在2016和2017年度,试验以坪用早熟禾为研究对象,设置硝酸铵施用量分别为0(CK,N1),149.70(N2),179.70(N3),209.70 kg·hm-2(N4)4个处理,分析各处理叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量。结果表明:综合2016和2017年度数据,与对照组N1相比,N3对促进早熟禾叶片内叶绿素a含量提高效果最佳,尤其是在6月,8月和9月,效果均达显著水平(P<0.05);N4处理对促进叶绿素b提高效果较好,其次是N3处理,但二者差异未达显著水平(P>0.05);2016年N4处理对降低早熟禾叶片内类胡萝卜素含量有一定效果,尤其是6月份与对照相比差异显著(P<0.05),而2017年N3降低效果更好,其次是N4。结合经济投入综合分析,硝酸铵施用量为179.70 kg·hm-2时对改善早熟禾叶片内色素含量效果较好。

关键词:硝酸铵;早熟禾;色素含量

中图分类号:TQ441.12 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.11.018

Effects of NH4NO3 on Pigment Content of Garden Landscaping Lawn Poa pratensis L.

LIU Zhenping1, ZHANG Jili2

(1.Construction of China and Foreign Countries Huacheng Urban Construction Planning and Design Limited Company, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163002, China; 2.Daqing Vocational College, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163255, China)

Abstract: In order to study the effect of NH4NO3 on lawn pigmentcontent, the experiment was conducted with the Poa pratensis L. in 2016 and 2017, 4 NH4NO3 concentration treatments were set, including 0(CK, N1), 149.70(N2), 179.70(N3), 209.70 kg·hm-2(N4), the content of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid in each treatment were analyzed. The results showed that compared with CK (N1), N3 had the best effects onincreasing chlorophyll a content of P. pratensis, especially in June, August, September, which the effect reached a significant level(P<0.05); N4 had the best effect on promoting chlorophyll b content of P. pratensis, and then was N3, but the two treatments had no significant difference(P>0.05); N4 had a certain effect on reducingthe carotenoid content of P. pratensis in 2016, especially in June, there was a significant difference compared with CK (P<0.05), but the effect of N3 was better in 2017, and then was N4. According to the comprehensive analysis combined with economic input, the NH4NO3 could improve the pigment content of P. pratensis, and the optimal application amount was 179.70 kg·hm-2.

Key words: NH4NO3; P. pratensis; pigment content

早熟禾是園林景观草坪的重要草种之一,由于其对高寒地区寒冷气候有较强的适应性,也成为了当前大庆市城市草坪建植中的首选草种,其种植面积在草坪绿化景观中占80%以上[1-2]。在草坪养护实践中发现,部分区域的草坪建植3~4年后长势显著降低,并且部分地块由于草坪退化出现了土壤裸露的现象,严重影响城市园林景观效果。施肥是提高早熟禾的生长势和景观质量非常重要的一项栽培措施[3-5]。张金荣等[6]研究认为,人工施肥可以显著促进早熟禾叶片内色素含量的提高,这对提高草坪外观质量评分具有重要作用,实践证明施肥可以提高草坪外观质量总分1.5~2分[2];薄会颖[7]研究结果表明,施肥可以促进早熟禾草坪植株生长,从而可以有效提高草坪分蘖密度,提高草坪的均一性和盖度,显著提高观赏草坪的外观质量;张吉立等[8]研究表明,施用氮肥可以使早熟禾植株叶片生长势提高50%以上,而植株鲜质量可以提高70%以上,加上叶片宽度的显著增加,有效地提高了草坪的盖度,在观赏草坪质量评价中可以提高总分0.5分[2]。……

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