杨燕　王德龙　郭静　石天宇　屈媛媛　王月　孙维伯　杨添淞

[摘要] 目的 观察头部电针对复合因素刺激所致慢性疲劳综合征大鼠的行为学改变和海马、下丘脑组织形态学改变的影响。 方法 选取SD大鼠36只，采用随机数字表法分为正常组、模型组和针刺组，每组各12只。模型组和针刺组采用复合因素刺激的方法建立慢性疲劳综合征模型，针刺组电针百会、宁神、双侧感觉区，观察大鼠在旷场中的活动情况和大鼠海马、下丘脑组织形态变化情况。 结果 治疗前，与正常组比较，模型组和针刺组大鼠的水平活动和垂直活动明显减少（P < 0.01）；治疗后，与模型组比较，针刺组大鼠的水平活动和垂直活动明显增多（P < 0.01）。HE染色显示，治疗前，与正常组比较，模型组和针刺组大鼠海马、下丘脑神经细胞呈现形态上和数量上的病理改变，凋亡细胞数量增多，毛细血管水肿；治疗后，与模型组比较，针刺组大鼠海马、下丘脑神经细胞的病理改变有所改善。 结论 头部电针可以明显改善慢性疲劳综合征模型大鼠的中枢性疲劳状态，该作用机制可能与电针对海马、下丘脑神经元的修复有关。

[关键词] 电针；慢性疲劳综合征；旷场实验；下丘脑；海马

[中图分类号] R255.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）09（b）-0009-04

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of head electroacupuncture on behavioral changes and morphological changes of hippocampus and hypothalamus in rats with chronic fatigue syndrome induced by composite factors stimulation. Methods Thirty-six SD rats were selected and divided into the normal group， the model group and the acupuncture group by random number table， with 12 rats in each group. The model group and the acupuncture group used the composite factors stimulation to establish the chronic fatigue syndrome model. The acupuncture group was treated with electroacupuncture of baihui， ningshen and bilateral sensory areas to observe the activity of rats in the open field and the changes of tissue morphology in hippocampus and hypothalamus of the rats. Results Before treatment， the horizontal activity and vertical activity of the rats in the model group and the acupuncture group were significantly reduced compared with the normal group （P < 0.01）. After treatment， the horizontal activity and vertical activity of the rats in the acupuncture group were significantly increased （P < 0.01）. HE staining showed that the hippocampus and hypothalamus neurons in the model group and the acupuncture group showed morphological and quantitative pathological changes before treatment. The number of apoptotic cells and capillary edema was increased in the model group and the acupuncture group. The pathological changes in the hippocampus and the hypothalamus of the rats in the acupuncture group were improved after treatment. Conclusion Head electroacupuncture can obviously improve the central fatigue state of model rats with chronic fatigue syndrome， which may be related to the repair of neurons in the hippocampus and hypothalamus by electroacupuncture.

[Key words] Electroacupuncture； Chronic fatigue syndrome； Open field test； Hypothalamus； Hippocampus

慢性疲勞综合征（chronic fatigue syndrome，CFS）是一种复杂的难治性疾病，以慢性虚弱性疲劳为特征，常在用力后加重，经充分休息不能缓解、病程进展缓慢，迁延不愈，其常见伴随症状有肌肉酸痛、咽喉肿痛、关节活动不利等躯体感觉不适，以及抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍等精神异常[1]。目前关于本病的病因病机、诊断和治疗均不明确，其发病机制可能与神经、免疫、精神等因素相关[2-4]。中医认为本病与五脏功能虚损、气血阴阳不足有关，临床上针刺对于本病的治疗具有显著疗效[5]。本研究通过观察电针大鼠百会、宁神、双侧感觉区对大鼠行为学及下丘脑、海马形态的影响，进一步阐明电针治疗CFS的作用机制。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

1.1.1 实验动物 雄性清洁SD大鼠36只，体重180～220 g，由黑龙江中医药大学实验动物中心提供，动物合格证号：SCXK黑2008-004。……