2015—2017年邳州市人民医院金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药性分析
2018-12-07臧志梅
臧志梅
[摘要] 目的 分析2015-2017年邳州市人民医院金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药性。 方法 选取2015年1月—2017年12月该院共296份金黄色葡萄球菌为研究对象,纳入的任意2份菌株均不属于同一患者,回顾性分析296份金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布,并对其进行菌种鉴定和药敏试验,分析其耐药性。 结果 痰液中的标本检出率为60.14%(178/296),明显高于其他分泌物,其次为创面分泌物和血液,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌为72.6%(215/296),明显多于甲氧西林的敏感型金黄色葡萄球菌的27.4%(81/296),两者之間差异有统计学意义(χ2=121.324 3,P<0.05);耐克林霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌为61.49%(182/296),明显多于克林霉素的敏感型金黄色葡萄球菌的38.51%(114/296),两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=31.243 2,P<0.05);耐利福平的金黄色葡萄球菌为9.46%(28/296),明显少于利福平的敏感型金黄色葡萄球菌的90.54%(268/296),两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=389.189 2,P<0.05)。结论 金黄色葡萄球菌多来源于痰液中,对甲氧西林和克林霉素的耐药性较好,对利福平的耐药性较差,治疗时应针对菌株的耐药性选择性的使用药物,同时避免耐药菌株的传播。
[关键词] 金黄色葡萄球菌;分布;耐药性;甲氧西林;克林霉素;利福平
[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)08(a)-0193-03
Analysis of Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in People's Hospital of Pizhou City from 2015 to 2017
ZANG Zhi-mei
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pizhou City People's Hospital, Pizhou, Jiangsu Province, 221300 China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in the People's Hospital from 2015 to 2017. Methods A total of 296 Staphylococcus aureus cases in the hospital were selected from January 1, 2015 to December 2017. Any two of the included strains did not belong to the same patient. A retrospective analysis of 296 Staphylococcus aureus was performed. The clinical distribution, and its strain identification and drug susceptibility testing, drug resistance were analyzed. Results The detection rate of sputum samples was 60.14% (178/296), significantly higher than other secretions, followed by blood and wound secretions, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 72.6% (215/296), significantly more than 27.4% (81/296) of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and the difference was significant (χ2=121.324 3, P<0.05), statistically significant (P<0.05); Staphylococcus aureus resistant to clindamycin was 61.49%(182/296), significantly more than 38.51% of clindamycin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (114/296), the difference between the two was significant (χ2=31.243 2, P<0.05), with statistical significance(P<0.05); Staphylococcus aureus resistant to rifampin was 9.46%(28/296), significantly less than 90.54%(268/296) of rifampicin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, the difference between the two was significant (χ2=389.1892, P<0.05), which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Staphylococcus aureus is mostly derived from sputum and has good resistance to methicillin and clindamycin. It has poor resistance to rifampicin and drugs should be selected for resistance to the strain during treatment, while avoiding the spread of resistant strains.
[Key words] Staphylococcus aureus; Distribution; Drug resistance; Methicillin; Clindamycin; Rifampicin
金黄色葡萄球菌是人类的一种重要病原菌,隶属于葡萄球菌属,可引起许多严重感染。金黄色葡萄球菌是革兰氏阳性菌的代表,其细胞壁结构含90%的肽聚糖和10%的磷壁酸,可以被结晶紫初染,碘液媒染,乙醇脱色,沙黄(红色)復染后呈现红色紫红色[1-2]。金黄色葡萄球菌与青霉素的发现有很大的渊源,弗莱明就是在他的金黄色葡萄球菌的培养皿中发现有些球菌被杀死了,于是发现了青霉素。而研究也表明青霉素只对以金黄色葡萄球菌为代表的革兰氏阳性菌作用明显。这也是由肽聚糖层的厚度和结构造成的。该文针对2015年1月—2017年12月该院共296份金黄色葡萄球菌,总结并归纳2015-2017年邳州市人民医院金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药性,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取该院共296份金黄色葡萄球菌为研究对象,纳入的任意2份菌株均不属于同一患者。
1.2 方法
回顾性分析296份金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布,并对其进行菌种鉴定和药敏试验,分析其耐药性。……
