苏连珠 孔祥琴 刘茝莲 林秀银

[摘要] 目的 探討评价个体化自我管理教育对乳腺癌患者PICC并发症发生情况的影响。 方法 2016年9月—2018年1月期间，方便收集该院收治的72例乳腺癌患者，采用双盲法，将其分为两组，分别设为对照组与观察组，各36例。对照组实施常规护理，观察组配合个体化自我管理教育，评价患者护理前后的自我护理能力，统计患者PICC并发症，调查满意度。 结果 ①入院时，两组患者自我护理能力评分[（54.2±5.91）分 vs （53.8±5.37）分，差异无统计学意义（t=0.301，P=0.764）]，护理后1、3个月，观察组评分显著高于对照组[（89.9±6.73）分 vs （77.4±4.59）分；（122.3±7.98）分 vs （105.2±8.35）分，（P<0.01）]。②关于PICC并发症，观察组发生率为13.8%，对照组为33.3%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.560，P=0.001）。③观察组满意度评分为（93.4±5.91）分，对照组为（86.2±7.84）分，差异有统计学意义（t=4.400，P=0.000）。 结论 乳腺癌患者，进行个体化自我管理教育，不仅可提高患者自我护理能力，而且可减少PICC并发症，患者满意度高。

[关键词] 个体化；自我管理教育；乳腺癌；PICC并发症；影响

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）08（a）-0150-03

Influence of Individualized Self-management Education on Incidence of PICC Complications in Breast Cancer Patients

SU Lian-zhu， KONG Xiang-qin， LIU Chai-lian， LIN Xiu-yin

The General Surgery Department， the Second Hospital of Sanming， Sanming， Fujian Province， 366000 China

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized self-management education on the incidence of PICC complications in breast cancer patients. Methods A total of 72 breast cancer patients admitted to the hospital during the period from September 2016 to January 2018 were convenient selected and double-blinded divided into two groups： control group and observation group， and 36 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care. The observation group cooperated with individualized self-management education， evaluated the self-care ability before and after the patient's care， and counted the PICC complications of the patient and investigated the satisfaction. Results 1.At admission， there was no significant difference in self-care ability scores between the two groups[（54.2±5.91）points vs （53.8±5.37）points， （t=0.301，P=0.764）]. After 1 month and 3 months of nursing， the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group[（89.9±6.73）points vs （77.4±4.59）points； （122.3±7.98）points vs （105.2±8.35）points，（P<0.01）]. 2.The incidence of PICC complications was 13.8% in the observation group and 33.3% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups （χ2=10.560， P=0.001）. 3.The satisfaction score of the observation group was （93.4±5.91） points， and that of the control group was （86.2±7.84） points. The difference between the groups was significant （t=4.400， P=0.000）. Conclusion Individualized self-management education for breast cancer patients can not only improve patients' self-care ability， but also reduce PICC complications. Patients' satisfaction is high.

[Key words] Individuation； Self-management education； Breast cancer； PICC complications； Impact

乳腺癌（breast cancer）是位于乳腺腺上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，发病率高，严重危害女性身心健康[1]。经外周静脉穿刺中心静脉置管（peripherally inserted central venous catheters，PICC）是一种给药途径，适用于中长期输液患者，不仅留置时间长，而且安全可靠，在乳腺癌长期化疗中得到广泛应用[2]。但是，由于长时间应用，可能引起PICC并发症，影响临床疗效。2016年9月—2018年1月期间，该文以72例患者为对象，分为两组，采取不同的护理管理方式，旨在评价个体化自我管理教育对乳腺癌病人PICC并发症发生情况的影响，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

方便收集该院收治的72例乳腺癌患者，采用双盲法，将其分为两组，分别设为对照组与观察组，各36例。对照组，最小26岁，最大56岁，平均（47.5±2.89）岁，其中，18例Ⅰ期，11例Ⅱ期，5例Ⅲ期，2例Ⅳ期。观察组，最小29岁，最大60岁，平均（48.1±3.04）岁，其中，19例Ⅰ期，10例Ⅱ期，4例Ⅲ期，3例Ⅳ期。比较两组患者的基础资料，包括年龄、肿瘤分期等，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），存在可比性。……