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多排螺旋CT肺动脉造影在肺栓塞诊断中的应用

2018-11-13魏贤英孟祥飞刘兆伟

中国现代医生 2018年20期

魏贤英 孟祥飞 刘兆伟

[摘要] 目的 探讨多排螺旋CT肺动脉造影在肺动脉栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)诊断中的应用。 方法 回顾性分析我院2014年1月~2017年6月56例PE患者的临床资料,分析其影像特征。 结果 发现56例肺栓塞患者,血管栓塞224处,其中轻度狭窄35处,中度狭窄147处,重度狭窄42处;图像表现为中心性、偏心性、附壁性或部分阻塞性充盈缺损。 结论 256iCT肺动脉造影诊断肺栓塞,是一种无创、方便、快捷、准确有效的首选检查方法。

[关键词] 肺;栓塞;肺动脉造影;体层摄影术;X线计算机

[中图分类号] R563.5;R816.4 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)20-0123-03

Application of multi-slice spiral CT pulmonary angiography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism

WEI Xianying MENG Xiangfei LIU Zhaowei LV Haoxuan

Department of Imaging, Pizhou Peoples Hospital in Jiangsu Province, Pizhou 221300, China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application of multislice spiral CT pulmonary angiography in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE). Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with PE in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the imaging features were analyzed. Results 56 patients with pulmonary embolism were found, with 224 spots of embolism. Of these, there were 35 spots of mild stenosis, 147 spots of moderate stenosis, and 42 spots of severe stenosis; the image showed central, eccentric, adherent, or partially obstructive filling defects. Conclusion The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with 256iCT pulmonary angiography is a non-invasive, convenient, rapid, accurate and effective preferred method of examination.

[Key words] Lungs; Embolism; Pulmonary angiography; Computed tomography; X-ray computer

肺动脉栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是以肺循环和呼吸功能障碍为特征的临床和病理生理综合征,常因内源性或外源性栓子堵塞肺动脉或其分支所致[1]。据文献报道其发病率居欧美心血管疾病第三位,仅次于冠心病和高血压病,死亡率略低于心肌梗死和脑卒中[2]。该病常因临床表现无明显特征而漏诊。随着多排螺旋CT在临床的广泛应用,CT肺动脉造影(CT pulmonary angiography,CTPA)以其无创、快速、准确等优势已成为肺动脉栓塞的首选检查方法[3]。本文通过分析我院经影像和临床确诊的56例肺动脉栓塞患者的临床和影像資料,探讨多排螺旋CT肺动脉造影对本病的诊断价值,旨在提高对本病的认识,减少漏诊或误诊。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

本组资料选自我院2014年1月~2017年6月经影像和临床确诊的肺动脉栓塞住院患者,共56例,其中男25例,女31例;年龄26~93岁,平均(57.1±12.3)岁;临床表现大多不典型,主要表现为不同程度的呼吸急促困难、活动后加剧、胸闷胸痛、心悸气短、咳嗽、咳痰、咯血、晕厥等,仅16例具有典型“肺梗死三联征”(呼吸困难、胸痛和咯血)表现。……

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