何同林

[摘要]目的 研究血液透析对终末期肾病患者生存质量的影响。方法 选取2016年7月～2017年1月我院收治的终末期肾病患者24例作为研究对象，采用抽签方法将其分为对照组、观察组，每组12例。对照组采用腹膜透析方法，观察组采用血液透析方法。比较两组的肾脏疾病生活质量简表（KDQOL-SF）评分、并发症发生率。结果 两组患者社会的功能、情感状况、生理功能评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；实验组患者的治疗满意度和治疗后的总体生存质量评分均高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。实验组患者治疗后的并发症总发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 血液透析对改善终末期肾病患者生存质量是一种可靠的方法。

[关键词]终末期肾病；血液透析；臨床效果；生存质量

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）7（a）-0080-03

[Abstract]Objective To study the effect of hemodialysis on the quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease.Methods Twenty-four patients with end-stage renal disease admitted to our hospital from July 2016 to January 2017 were selected as research objects，and divided into control group and observation group by drawing lots，with 12 cases in each group.The control group was treated with peritoneal dialysis while the observation group was treated with hemodialysis.The kidney disease quality of life short form （KDQOL-SF） scores，and complication rates between the two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in social function，emotional condition and physiological function between the two groups（P>0.05）.The patients′ satisfaction with treatment and the overall quality of life after treatment in the experimental group were both higher than those in the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The total incidence of complications after treatment in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group，the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion Hemodialysis is a reliable method for improving the quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease.

[Key words]End-stage renal disease；Hemodialysis；Clinical effect；Quality of life

近年各大医院对肾病的报道逐渐增多，如果不给予患者及时有效的治疗，将会导致肾功能衰竭，其中，终末期肾病即肾衰竭的最终阶段，此阶段的患者需要一定的透析治疗维持生命[1-4]。如果不给予透析，将会加速肾功能下降，导致毒素进一步堆积，引起一系列的并发症，威胁其他脏器的功能运转。随着技术的不断革新，血液透析被应用于临床，它是终末期肾病患者的主要治疗手段，主要是通过将体内血液引流至体外，经透析器（由无数根空心纤维组成），将机体的血液与机体浓度相似的电解质溶液（透析液）于空心纤维内外进行物质交换，以弥散、对流方式将机体内的代谢废物清除，以便维持机体的电解质和酸碱平衡，在物质交换的过程中将机体多余的水分清除干净，然后将经过净化的血液回输，保证机体代谢正常。虽……