土坝护坡破坏的原因与其临时修理方法
2018-11-07阿地拉·库尔班
阿地拉·库尔班
摘 要:护坡是土坝外部结构的重要组成部分,它的作用,在迎水坡主要是保护坝坡以及坝体免受波浪的冲刷和冰凌的影响;在背水坡的主要是防止坝坡被雨水冲刷和非粘性土料被风吹失,以及减轻蛇、鼠等动物早坝坡中挖洞筑巢。如有破坏应及时修理。常见的主要琥珀形式,用于迎水面的有;干砌石护坡;浆砌石护坡;堆石护坡;框格砌石护坡;混凝土或钢筋混凝土护坡;沥青渣油混凝土护坡等;用于背水面的有:草皮护坡;堆石护坡;砌石护坡;框格砌石护坡等。在特别缺少护坡材料的地区,迎水坡也有采用土缓坡,或土缓坡与局部护坡相结合和放浪林与局部护坡相结合的型式。
关键词:土坝;护坡;破坏;原因;临时修理
Abstract: The slope is an important part of the external structure of the dam, and its role in welcoming the water main is to protect the dam slope and the impact of the dam from wave erosion and ice in; in Beishui Po is to prevent dam by rain erosion and loss of non-cohesive material was blown, and reduce the snakes, rats and other animals dig nests in the early slope. If any damage should be repaired. Common forms of major amber for the positive side there; dry stone pitching; masonry revetment; riprap; sash stone pitching; concrete or reinforced concrete revetment; asphalt concrete slope protection residue; for the back surface of the water are: sod revetment; riprap; stone pitching; sash stone pitching and so on. In particular, the lack of slope materials area, there is also welcome water slope gentle slope soil, or soil with a gentle slope of combining local and Unconventional forest and local slope of combining patterns.
Keywords: dam; slope; destruction; reasons; temporary repairs
1.护坡破坏的原因
土坝护坡的破坏,往往是一种或几种因素共同作用结果,必须通过周密的观测分析,才能找出其他破坏的主要原因,这对于正确制定护坡修理方案十分重要。护坡的破坏,一般都是渐加剧的,如能及时发现护坡破坏并采取有效的临时抢护措施,是可以防止险情的恶化和扩大。各种护坡破坏的原因,主要有下述几方面。
1.1设计方面的原因
(1)波浪设计考虑不周由于波浪冲击,使土坝护坡破坏是最常见的现象,造成这种破坏的因素较为复杂。
(2)护坡类型选择不当
设计是未很好地考虑工程实际条件,合理地选择护坡类型。在风浪和冰冻的影响下,因护坡类型不适应而造成护坡经常破坏。
(3)护坡结构不合理……p>
