刘文莉 庞雪晶 韩秀丽 张玉萍

【摘  要】目的：通过对106例口腔固定正畸患者进行治疗，探讨治疗中发生牙釉质脱矿的情况及预防措施。方法：选择门诊106例采用固定矫治器矫治的患者，矫治中指导患者做好口腔卫生和饮食习惯，并采用预防措施，观察治疗前后牙釉质脱矿情况，统计牙釉质脱矿发生率和好发部位。结果：39例患者发生牙釉质脱矿，发生率为36.79%，251颗牙发生牙釉质脱矿，发生率为10.98%，脱矿好发牙位是上前牙，好发部位是托槽周围和牙颈部。结论：固定正畸发生牙釉质脱矿是一个值得关注的问题，其与医生的临床操作习惯，使用的预防措施，矫治器的选择，患者的口腔卫生习惯及个体差异等有关，可以采取措施降低或避免发生。

【关键词】牙釉质;脱矿;预防

【Abstract】Objective：through the treatment of 106 cases of oral fixation orthodontic patients， the demineralization of enamel and the prevention measures during the treatment were discussed.Methods：106 patients who were treated with fixed orthodontics were selected from the clinic， during which they were instructed to do well in oral hygiene and dietary habits， and preventive measures were adopted to observe the demineralization of enamel before and after treatment， and to count the occurrence rate and occurrence location of enamel demineralization.Results：enamel demineralization occurred in 39 patients， with an incidence of 36.79%， and enamel demineralization occurred in 251 teeth， with an incidence of 10.98%.Conclusion：enamel demineralization of fixed orthodontics is a matter of concern， which is related to doctors' clinical practice， preventive measures used， choice of orthodontics， patients' oral hygiene habits and individual differences， and can be reduced or avoided by measures.

【Key words】enamel demineralization prevention

隨着矫治技术的日益成熟，现满足患者对牙齿美容的需求已成为可能，固定矫治技术为许多错颌畸形患者恢复了口腔功能和颜面部美观，并以其高效性和精确度而受到广大医师的广泛应用，虽然现在隐形矫治得到推广，但因其价格高昂，许多患者还是选择传统的固定矫治进行矫治。但在矫治中也伴有一些不良并发症出现，牙釉质脱矿就是主要并发症之一，主要表现为釉质的早期龋损，是牙釉质在酸的作用下矿物质溶出而形成的一种白垩色改变，严重的甚至造成牙釉质缺损。本文通过临床病例进行研究，对牙釉质脱矿的发生率，好发牙位及部位，发病原因，预防措施，为正畸治疗中降低牙釉质脱矿提供参考。……