熊胆粉治疗肝胆系统疾病的研究概述
2018-09-18吴成
吴成
【摘 要】 探讨熊胆粉在肝胆系统疾病治疗方面的研究情况,从古代文献、现代药理学作用、临床应用3个方面对熊胆粉治疗肝胆系统疾病的相关文献进行概述。结果表明,熊胆粉治疗肝胆系统疾病历史悠久,具有保肝、利胆、溶解胆结石、抗肝纤维化、改善肝脂肪变、抗肿瘤等多种作用,临床上可治疗病毒性肝炎、肝硬化、胆囊炎、胆结石、胆汁淤积性肝病等多种疾病。熊胆粉在肝胆系统疾病(尤其是肝癌)治疗方面有着巨大的潜在开发及应用价值。
【关键词】 肝胆系统疾病;熊胆粉;古代文献;现代药理作用;临床应用
【中图分类号】R285.6 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2018)05-0055-05
Abstract:In order to explore the bear bile powder(BBP) in treatment of hepatobiliary systemic diseases research situation, the paper gives an overview of the literature on the treatment of hepatobiliary systemic diseases with BBP from three aspects: ancient literature, modern pharmacological action and clinical application.The results showed that bear bile had been used in TCM clinical practice for thousands of years and BBP had ?a variety of pharmacological effects including protecting liver, cholagogue, dissolving gallstones, anti-liver fibrosis, reducing hepatic fat change and anti-tumor, etc and it could cure variety of hepatobiliary systemic diseases, such as chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.BBP has great potential development and application value in the treatment of hepatobiliary systemic diseases, especially inthe treatment of liver cancer.
Keywords:Hepatobiliary Systemic Disease;Bear Bile Powder; Ancient Literature; Modern Pharmacological Action; Cinical Application
熊胆为熊科动物黑熊或棕熊的干燥胆囊,是临床常用的传统名贵药材。其味苦,性寒,归肝、胆、心、胃经,具有清热解毒、平肝明目、杀虫止血之功[1]。熊胆粉是人工引流熊胆汁的干燥品,作为天然熊胆的替代品已获得国家卫生部批准入药,经医学、药学研究证明,熊胆粉是安全、有效、质量可控的一类新药[2]。熊胆的临床应用历史悠久,从汉代到清代有366部中医药学典籍记录熊胆的功效应用,主要以治疗外科痔疮、儿科虫疾、痫证和眼科翳、障病证为主[3]。现代药理学研究[4-5]发现,熊胆具有镇咳、镇静、解痉、抗惊阙、解热镇痛、保肝、利胆、溶解胆石、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抑制血栓形成、抗肿瘤等多种药理作用,在肝胆系统、心血管系统、呼吸系统、肛肠科、眼科等方面均有广泛应用。其中,熊胆粉在治疗肝胆系统疾病方面的作用日益受到重视,研究发现,熊胆粉可发挥多种药理作用并治疗多种急慢性肝胆疾病,应用前景广泛。……
