蜜蜂蜂毒对大鼠急性血瘀证的影响
2018-09-18何亚楠张枝雪高源赵海荣巫秀美武琦梅何苗
何亚楠 张枝雪 高源 赵海荣 巫秀美 武琦梅 何苗
【摘 要】 目的:观察蜜蜂蜂毒(Bee venom,BV)对大鼠急性血瘀证的影响。方法:以皮下大剂量注射盐酸肾上腺素(Adrenalin hydrochloride,A)后再施以冰水游泳复制急性血瘀模型。通过测定血液流变学、凝血四项、纤溶活性等各项指标评价BV对大鼠急性血瘀证的影响。结果:与NS模型组比较,BV中剂量组不同切变率的全血粘度均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);BV高、中、低剂量组血浆粘度、红细胞聚集指数、卡松粘度均有降低趋势;BV高、低剂量组PT、APTT有延长趋势,中、低剂量组TT有延长趋势;BV中剂量组可显著降低FIB含量(P<0.01)。结论:BV具有改善大鼠急性血瘀证的作用,其机制与降低血液粘度、FIB含量有关。
【关键词】 BV;急性血瘀证;血液流变学;凝血四项
【中图分类号】R965 【文献标志码】 A【文章编号】1007-8517(2018)11-0010-04
Abstract:Objective To observe the effects of BV on acute blood stasis syndrome in rats.Methods The acute blood stasis model was replicated by swimming with ice water after injection of Adrenalin hydrochloride (Adrenalin hydrochloride, A) with high dose of subcutaneous injection. The effect of BV on acute blood stasis syndrome of rats was evaluated by measuring hemorheology, four blood clotting items and fibrinolytic activity. Result That compared with NS model group, BV middle dose group in different shear rate of whole blood viscosity decreased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01); BV high, medium and low dose group of plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index and Casson viscosity all decreased; BV high and low dose group PT, APTT had a increasing trend, medium and low dose group, TT had a increasing trend; BV middle dose group could significantly reduce the content of FIB (P<0.01). Conclusion BV has the effect of improving the syndrome of acute blood stasis in rats, and its mechanism is related to the reduction of blood viscosity and the content of FIB.
Keywords:Bee Venom; Acute Blood Stasis Syndrome; Hemorheology; Four Blood Clotting Items
血瘀證是中医临床常见的证候类型之一,形成的原因主要有外伤、寒邪、郁怒、气虚、血虚、阴阳虚等[1]。血瘀证是脑缺血的基础证型,中医常用活血化瘀疗法治疗脑缺血。蜜蜂蜂毒为蜜蜂科昆虫中华蜜蜂等的工蜂尾部螫刺腺体中排出的毒汁,中医药及民间医药均有很长的使用蜂毒治疗疾病的历史,其具有祛风湿、止痛的功效,用于治疗风湿性关节炎,腰膝酸痛,坐骨神经痛等。现代研究发现,BV具有抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗辐射、抗血小板聚集等作用。临床用于治疗各种神经炎、风湿性关节炎及心血管等多种疾病。据报道[2-3],BV至少有14个生物活性肽,如melittin、apmin、sceapin 、peptide-401等,且均具有较强的药理作用和生物活性[4-8],其具活性成分主要有活性酶类、多肽类、糖类、脂类、氨基酸类和胺类物质等。其中,melittin可抗血小板聚集、延长小鼠体外凝血时间;apmin则可以通过血脑屏障,直接作用于中枢神经系统[9]。中医常用活血化瘀法治疗脑缺血,而蜂毒体外具有很强的抗凝血作用[10],本研究旨在通过建立动物血瘀模型,考察其是否具有活血化瘀的作用。……
