杜飞　林娜　焦杨

[摘要] 目的 分析椎基底动脉扩张延长症的临床及影像学特征。 方法 选择2015年1月～2017年1月我院住院治疗的VBD患者45例进行观察，另选择同期住院治疗的非VBD患者45例作为对照组，观察和比较两组病例的性别、年龄、吸烟史、饮酒史、既往合并内科疾病（如高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、高脂血症、脑卒中）、临床表现、影像学检查情况。 结果 45例VBD患者中仅行MR 检查12 例，包括循环新鲜梗死灶6例，脑干压迫4例，脑出血1例，脑积水1例。仅行MRA检查8 例，MRA显示可见迂曲、延长、扩张的椎基底动脉及基底动脉移位、压迫脑干等。两者均进行检查共25例。观察组VBD患者在性别、平均年龄、吸烟/饮酒史、合并内科疾病及主要临床表现方面比较，差异无显著性（P>0.05）。 结论 椎基底动脉扩张延長症的临床表现复杂多样、无特异性，VBD的诊断主要依靠影像学检查，但不同检查方法表现不同。

[关键词] 椎基底动脉扩张延长症；临床表现；影像学检查； 分型

[中图分类号] R543.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）12-0080-03

Analysis on the characteristics of clinical and imaging features of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia

DU Fei LIN Na JIAO Yang ZHAO Weina YIN Changhao

Hongqi Hospital， Mudanjiang Medical University， Mudanjiang 157011， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical and imaging features of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia. Methods 45 cases of VBD patients who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected for observation. Another 45 cases of non-VBD patients who were hospitalized in the same period were selected as the control group. The gender， age， smoking history， drinking history， previous history of complicated medical diseases （such as hypertension， coronary heart disease， diabetes， hyperlipidemia， stroke）， clinical manifestations and imaging studies were observed and compared in the two groups. Results Of the 45 patients with VBD， only 12 patients were given MR examination， including 6 cases of recurrent fresh infarction foci， 4 cases of brainstem compression， 1 case of cerebral hemorrhage and 1 case of hydrocephalus. Only MRA examination was carried out in 8 cases， and MRA showed tortuous， prolonged， dilated vertebrobasilar artery and basilar artery displacement， compression of brain stem， etc. Both were examined in 25 cases. In the observation group， the gender， average age， smoking/drinking history， complicated medical diseases and main clinical manifestations were not significantly different in patients with VBD（P>0.05）. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia are complicated and nonspecific. The diagnosis of VBD mainly depends on the imaging examination， but the findings of different examination methods are different.

[Key words] Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia； Clinical manifestations； Imaging studies； Typing

椎基底动脉延长扩张症（vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia，VBD）是一种少见的后循环血管变异性疾病，临床表现复杂多样[1]，易被临床忽视，因此，及早诊断和治疗对改善患者预后具有重要意义，目前VBD的诊断主要根据影像学检查手段，如CT、MRI等[2-4]。本文回顾性分析我院50 例VBD患者的临床及影像学检查资料，以期提高对该疾病的认识及重视，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选择2015年1月～2017年1月我院住院治疗的VBD患者45例进行观察，均经头颅CT并行头颅MRI及MRA确诊。另选择同期住院治疗的非VBD患者45例作为对照组，对照组中男25例，女20例；年……