掺铥光纤激光器结构与特性研究
2018-09-10张宁
张宁
[摘要]随着光纤通信技术的不断发展,光纤激光器已经成为通信技术中的一个研究热点。光纤激光器是第三代激光技术发展的成果,并且在全光纤通信中起着核心的作用。对掺铥光纤激光器的结构与特性进行了研究,探讨了掺杂稀土离子铥的光纤的增益性质,分析了铥离子的能级结构与辐射特性,建立了粒子速率方程,讨论了掺杂铥离子的浓度对光纤长度的影响,进行了仿真实验。探讨了光纤光栅的特点,分析了Bragg 光栅构造光学谐振腔的功能,光纤Bragg 光栅是制造全光纤激光器的关键元件。最后论述了掺铥光纤激光器在不同领域的应用。
[关键词]掺铥光纤;激光器;结构;性质
[中图分类号]TN 248[文献标志码]A[文章编号]10050310(2018)02005506
Abstract: With the development of fiber communication technology, optical fiber laser has become a research hot spot in communication technology. Fiber laser is the result of the development of the third generation laser technology, and plays a central role in the all fiber optical communication. The structure and characteristics of thulium doped fiber laser are studied. The gain properties of the fiber doped rare earth ions are discussed. The energy level structure and radiation properties of thulium ions are analyzed, and the particle velocity equation is set up. The effect of thulium ion doped concentration on fiber length is discussed. The simulation experiment has been carried out. The characteristics of fiber grating are discussed. The function of optical cavity made of Bragg grating has been analyzed. The fiber Bragg grating is a key component in the manufacture of all fiber lasers. Finally, the application of thulium doped fiber laser in different fields is discussed.
Keywords: Thulium doped fiber; Laser; Structure; Characteristics
随着光纤通信技术的快速发展,各种不同的通信技术不断涌现,层出不穷。在光纤通信中,采用的光源是激光,而光纤激光器作为第三代激光技术,在通信领域已经展现出强大的生命力和广阔的应用前景,是未来实现全光纤通信的关键技术之一[13]。所谓的光纤激光器,是指用掺杂了一些特殊离子的光纤作为增益介质的激光器,如镱(Ytterbium, Yb)、铒(Erbium, Er)、铥(Thulium, Tm)、钬(Holmium, Ho)等离子元素[46]。这种掺杂了不同离子的光纤,根据离子不同的能级跃迁,以及不同的辐射波长,在一定条件下可以输出不同波长的激光。正因为有这些优势,光纤激光器已经被用在各种光通信技术之中了[78]。光纤激光器采用的材料为光纤,原材料来源非常丰富。一方面,随着技术的不断发展与进步,制造光纤的成本越来越低,光纤材料比较容易获得,并且光纤还具有体积小、重量轻、易于集成以及损耗低等特点;……
