张丽芳　王建军

[摘要] 目的 探究艾滋病患者抗病毒治療期间的心理护理及同伴教育的效果。方法 方便选取2016年12月—2017年12月间在该院进行抗病毒治疗的135例艾滋病患者，按照随机数表法将其随机分为观察组（68例）和对照组（67例），对照组患者采用传统护理方法对患者进行护理，观察组在对照组的基础上采用心理护理结合同伴教育的方法对患者进行护理。1年后，对两组患者的抗病毒治疗的依从性情况进行分析，记录两组患者护理前后病毒载量和CD4+T淋巴细胞的变化情况，对两组患者对护理情况的进行比较。结果 观察组患者对抗病毒治疗的依从率（95.58%）明显高于对照组（56.71%），两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.844 2，P<0.05）。观察组患者的CD4+T淋巴细胞的含量（384.16±69.48）个/μL高于对照组（298.83±72.68）个/μL，差异有统计学意义（t=6.973 4，P=0.00 0），病毒载体的含量观察组（2.43±0.23）lg/μL低于对照组（2.95±0.37）lg/L，差异有统计学意义（t=9.822 4，P=0.00 0）。观察组患者的临床护理满意度（92.64%）显著高于对照组（53.73%），两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.079 0，P<0.05）。结论 心理护理结合同伴教育能够有效提高艾滋病患者抗病毒治疗期间的依从性，促进患者免疫系统的恢复，增强患者恢复的自信心，提高患者的生活质量。

[关键词] 艾滋病；心理护理；同伴教育；抗病毒治疗

[中图分类号] R47 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2018）04（c）-0133-04

Analysis of Mental Nursing and Peer Education of AIDS Patients during the Anti-viral Treatment Period

ZHANG Li-fang， WANG Jian-jun

Department of Internal Medicine， Beijing Likang Hospital， Beijing 100028 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of mental nursing and peer education of AIDS patients during the anti-viral treatment period. Methods 135 cases of AIDS patients for anti-viral therapy in our hospital from December 2016 to December 2017 were convenient selected and randomly divided into two groups， the control group with 67 cases used the traditional nursing method for nursing， while the observation group with 68 cases used the mental nursing combined with peer education for nursing on the basis of the control group， after one year， the compliance of the two groups was analyzed， and the changes of virus load and CD4+T lymphocyte of the two groups before and after nursing were compared. Results The compliance to the anti-viral therapy in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group（95.58% vs 56.71%）， and the difference between the two groups was obvious， with statistical significance（χ2=3.844 2， P<0.05）， and the CD4+T lymphocyte content in the observation group was higher than that in the control group[（384.16±69.48）number/μL vs （298.83±72.68）number/uL]， and the difference was statistically significant （t=6.973 4， P=0.00 0）， and the virus load content in the observation group was lower than that in the control group[（2.43±0.23）lg/μL vs （2.95±0.37）lg/μL]， and the difference was statistically significant （t=9.822 4， P=0.00 0）， and the clinical nursing satisfactory degree in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group， （92.64% vs 53.73%）， and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=4.079 0， P<0.05）. Conclusion The mental nursing combined with peer education can effectively improve the compliance of AIDS patients during the anti-viral treatment， promote the recovery of immune system， enhance the confidence of patients and improve the quality of life of patients.

[Key words] AIDS； Mental nursing； Peer education； Anti-viral treatment

艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合症（acquired immunodeficiency syndrome，AIDS），其发病机制为免疫缺陷病毒攻击人体的免疫系统，破坏CD4+T淋巴细胞，使机体正常的免疫功能受到破坏，最终使人体完全丧失免疫功能[1]。艾滋病病毒的潜伏期较长，发病初期临床症状不明显，往往致使患者不能得到及时的治疗，最终引起恶性肿瘤和复合感染的发生[2]。目前，对艾滋病的治疗尚未找到有效的方法，临床上对艾滋病患者多采用抗病毒的方式进行，虽然抗病毒治疗能够有效降低患者体内艾滋病病毒的含量，提高患者的生存质量，但服药期间不良反应较大，且患者的心理负担也较大，容易产生放弃治疗的想法[3～4]。因此，該院对2016年12月—2017年12月间在该院进行治疗的68例处于抗病毒治疗期的艾滋病患者采取心理护理结合同伴教育的方法进行护理，取得了较好的效果，患者的治疗依从性和心理情况均有所提高，现报道如下。……