史王民

摘要：本文运用应用最为广泛和比较成熟的索罗余值法测算咸阳科技进步贡献率，该方法需要资本平均增长率，劳动力增长率及其弹性系数。劳动力相关资料较易获得，而资本相关数据必须测算。资本测算有许多方法各有优缺点，且存在较大差异，本文选择以平均资本产出比法和永续盘存法两种方法结合测算咸阳资本。资本、劳动力产出弹性系数则以我国专家研究成果为参考，结合咸阳实际适当修正。在测算出资本、劳动力、科技进步对咸阳经济贡献率的基础上，分析咸阳各要素驱动经济增长程度及潜力，提出咸阳全要素生产率提高的途径。

Abstract： This paper uses the most widely used and mature Solow residual method to measure the contribution rate of Xianyang science and technology progress. This method requires the average growth rate of capital， labor growth rate and its elasticity coefficient. Labor-related data are easier to obtain， and capital-related data must be measured. There are many advantages and disadvantages in the measurement of capital， and there are major differences. This paper chooses the combination of average capital output ratio method and perpetual inventory method to measure Xianyang capital. The coefficient of elasticity of output of capital and labor is based on the results of the research of experts in China， and is properly amended in light of the actual situation in Xianyang. On the basis of measuring the contribution rate of capital， labor， and scientific and technological advancement to Xianyang's economy， this paper analyzes the extent and potential of economic growth driven by various elements in Xianyang and proposes ways to increase total factor productivity in Xianyang.

關键词：资本测算；科技进步贡献率；创新驱动途径

Key words： capital calculation；contribution rate of scientific and technological progress；innovation driven approach

中图分类号：F323.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-4311（2018）21-0281-06

1 科技进步贡献率测算的意义

创新驱动有技术性的创新驱动和非技术性的组织创新驱动。非技术性变化的组织、制度创新要通过深化改革解决，非技术性的变化创新为技术性变化创新营造良好的环境，创新驱动最终要落实到技术性的变化创新上，而技术性变化创新要依靠技术进步实现。技术进步对经济增长的作用毋庸置疑，而技术进步对经济增长影响程度及怎样影响较复杂，通过技术进步贡献率的测算有助于跟踪经济创新驱动、转型发展的过程（廖远甦，2013），才能弄清楚影响技术进步的因素及其关系，及技术进步对经济增长的贡献程度，找到提高技术进步水平和促进经济增长的途径。……