花生种质资源品质的近红外分析与评价
2018-08-14李长生石素华孙金波厉广辉赵传志王兴军赵术珍
李长生 石素华 孙金波 厉广辉 赵传志 王兴军 赵术珍
摘要:本研究利用近红外光谱分析技术对291份花生种质资源的含油量、蛋白质含量、脂肪酸含量、氨基酸含量等多个品质性状进行了分析。结果表明,不同花生种质资源的粗脂肪含量变幅为44.54%~61.17%;油酸含量变幅为29.75%~85.79%;蛋白质含量平均为21.78%,最高为31.24%;总氨基酸含量平均为19.28%。利用主成分分析技术,将18个品质性状综合成5个主成分因子,分别为蛋白质因子、不饱和脂肪酸因子、脯氨酸组氨酸负因子、苏氨酸负因子及粗脂肪因子,这5个因子反映了原始数据信息量的87.648%,可用于花生品质的综合评价。该结果可为新品种选育中的亲本选择提供有价值的参考,也可为发掘特异材料或特异基因、开展相关的遗传研究提供基础材料。
关键词:花生;品质性状;近红外光谱技术;主成分分析
中图分类号:S565.202.4文献标识号:A文章编号:1001-4942(2018)06-0154-05
Abstract The contents of oil, protein, fatty acids and amino acids of 291 peanut varieties were analyzed using near infra-red spectroscopy in this study. The results showed that the oil content ranged from 44.54%~61.17%; the oleic acid content was from 29.75%~85.79%; the mean and the highest protein content was 21.78% and 31.24%, respectively; the mean content of total amino acids was 19.28%. Principal component analysis indicated that 18 quality traits were integrated into five principal component factors including protein factor, unsaturated fatty acid factor, proline and histidine negative factors, threonine negative factor and crude fat factor. These five factors represented 87.648% of the original data, which could be used for evaluating peanut quality. These results provided important informations for parental selection in breeding program, and laid foundations for exploring special materials or genes to conduct relevant genetics research.
Keywords Peanut;Quality characters; Near infrared spectroscopy; Principal component analysis
花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)是我国重要的油料作物和经济作物。据统计,2016年花生播种面积470 多万公顷,产量1 700 多万吨,在国民经济中占有重要地位。花生种质资源是开展花生育种和遗传改良研究的重要物质基础,对种质资源进行评价是合理利用资源的前提和依据[1,2]。姜慧芳等[3]对收集到的6 390份花生种质资源开展了以农艺性状、抗病性、品质性状为基础的全面系统鉴定评价,为培育抗病、高产等新品種提供了有效信息。近年来,花生生产由单纯追求产量向产量、品质、效益并重的方向转变。花生的用途也以榨油为主逐渐向食用型、营养保健型以及加工专用型等多元化方向发展,因此,对花生种质资源品质的评价是进行花生多元化品种选育的依据。……
