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刺槐挥发性物质分析及美国白蛾的触角电位反应

2018-08-14白鹏华相伟芳刘宝生李敏于金萍

山东农业科学 2018年5期

白鹏华 相伟芳 刘宝生 李敏 于金萍

摘要:为开发美国白蛾(Hyphantria curea Drury)植物源驅避剂,本研究采用水蒸气蒸馏法收集美国白蛾非寄主植物刺槐叶片的挥发性化学物质并进行触角电位活性测定。气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析测定结果显示刺槐挥发物共有16种,正二十七烷含量(19.72%)最高,其次依次是正二十五烷(12.36%)、植物醇(10.41%)、正二十三烷(10.39%)、α-亚麻酸(7.93%)和棕榈酸(6.70%)。美国白蛾雌蛾和雄蛾对烷烃类化合物正二十七烷、正二十五烷和正二十三烷的反应较弱,对植物醇、亚麻酸和棕榈酸反应相对强烈。雄蛾对浓度为10-1(V/V)的亚麻酸反应最强,EAG反应值为1.69,其次是浓度为10-3(V/V)的植物醇,EAG反应值为1.48;雌蛾对浓度为10-2 mg/mL的棕榈酸反应最强,EAG反应值为1.93,其次是浓度为10-4(V/V)的植物醇和10-4 mg/mL的棕榈酸,EAG反应值分别为1.90和1.63。

关键词:美国白蛾;刺槐;挥发性物质;触角电位

中图分类号:S433.4文献标识号:A文章编号:1001-4942(2018)05-0103-06

Abstract To explore plant repellent of Hyphantria cunea Drury, the steam distillation method was used to collect the green leaf volatiles in the non-host plant Robinta pseudoacacia, and the electrophysiological responses of Hyphantria cunea to the volatiles were determined through EAG technique. The results showed that a total of 16 compounds were identified from Robinta pseudoacacia leave by GC-MS. The amount of heptacosane was the highest (19.72%) in the volatiles, followed by pentacosane (12.36%), phytol (10.41%), tricosane (10.39%), α-linolenic acid (7.93%) and palmitic acid (6.70%). The electroantennogram analyses indicated that the adults of H. cunea showed stronger EAG responses to phyto, α-linolenic acid and palmitic acid than heptacosane, pentacosane and tricosane. The males H. cunea showed the strongest EAG response to α-linolenic acid at the concentration of 10-1(V/V) and the value EAG was 1.69, followed by 10-3(V/V) of phytol with the EAG value as 1.48. The female H. cunea showed the strongest EAG response to palmitic acid at the concentration of 10-2 mg/mL with the EAG value as 1.93, followed by 10-4(V/V) of phytol and 10-4 mg/mL of palmitic acid with the EAG values as 1.90 and 1.63, respectively.

Keywords Hyphantria cunea Drury; Robinta pseudoacacia; Volatiles; Electroantennogram

近年来化肥、农药等投入品的大量使用造成了农产品质量安全问题日益普遍和农药化肥污染事件频发,阻碍了环境友好型农业的发展进程。因此,农业部提出“公共植保、绿色植保”的植保理念,以农业生产、农产品质量和农业生态环境安全为目标,采取生态调控等环境友好型技术控制农作物病虫害[1]。随着化学生态学研究的深入,植物挥发物的使用已成为在害虫综合治理中主要的化学信息调控策略[2]。通过探明各挥发物的功能,利用这些挥发物可进行害虫防治,如引诱剂、驱避剂的研发。

非寄主挥发物的化学物质组分对害虫的取食、产卵的趋避作用是“推-拉”式防治策略中的重要基础之一,具有良好的应用前景,是国内植物保护研究的热点之一。……

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