王传堂 唐月异 王秀贞 吴琪 孙全喜 王志伟 叶万余 吴昌湛 王强 宋国生 徐建志

摘要：利用抗青枯病不亲和野生种种间杂种06I8B4为母本、以自育高油酸亲本CTWE为父本杂交，后代选择用分子标记辅助与近红外模型进行，青枯病抗性实施自然病地鉴定，由此育成抗青枯病、高油酸、高产、食用型品种花育963和花育668。其适应性广，产量水平不逊于普通油酸高产品种；油酸含量超过80%，油亚比均在24以上；口感佳，适合食品加工；青枯病抗性分别达抗病和中抗水平。

关键词：食用型花生；不亲和野生种；花育963和花育668；青枯病；高油酸

中图分类号：S565.203.51文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2018）06-0057-04

Abstract A crossbreeding was made between 06I8B4 （female parent）， an incompatible Arachis species hybrid derivative with bacterial wilt （BW） resistance， and CTWE （male parent）， a high-oleic peanut line bred by our research group. Through screening with molecular marker technology and near infrared spectroscopy model， along with resistance scoring at natural disease nursery， two high-oleic and high-yielding peanut cultivars for food uses with BW resistance， Huayu 963 and Huayu 668， were developed. Both cultivars were found to have wide adaptability； their yields were comparable to or even higher than that of normal-oleic and high-yielding varieties； the oleic acid content was over 80%， and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid was more than 24. Huayu 963 and Huayu 668 had good eating quality， which were suitable for food processing， and were resistant and moderately resistant to BW， respectively.

Keywords Edible peanut； Wild incompatible species； Huayu 963 and Huayu 668； Bacterial wilt；High oleic acid

油酸氧化酸败的速度约为亚油酸的十分之一。高油酸花生其脂肪酸中的油酸含量由普通油酸花生的40%～55%左右提升至72%以上，亚油酸含量則由约40%降低到7.7%以下，因而表现出较高的氧化稳定性，由其加工而成的花生油和花生食品货架期显著延长，能够保持花生良好的风味经久不衰[1]。经常食用高油酸花生还可降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇，有助于控制体重、增强胰岛素敏感性、稳定血糖、改善炎症，有增强脑认知能力之功效[1]。高油酸花生制品因此受到加工企业和健康意识日益增强的消费者的欢迎[1]。高油酸已成为当前和今后一段时期花生品质改良的重要目标之一。

包括F435和F78-1339在内的最初一批国外高油酸花生种质，其农艺性状多不理想，存在低产、荚果开裂和感病等缺陷[2，3]，难以直接应用，为此国外常采取回交措施将高油酸特性导入到商品性好、抗性强的花生品种中；……