基于GIS/RS技术的汶川县生态环境适宜性评
2018-08-07洪宇辰白浪喻舒林
洪宇辰 白浪 喻舒林
[摘要]:本研究基于代表性、综合性、科学性、以获取性以及系统性的指标选取原则,选用对生态环境影响较大的植被、坡度、高程、地形起伏、灾害密度、河网密度、居民点密度、土壤湿度共8个指标,结合层次分析法计算各指标权重,分别估算了汶川县的生态环境适宜性,并根据结果对生态环境适宜性进行了系统分析。分析表明:汶川县大部分区域生态适宜性位于“适宜”等级以上,即总体表现良好,但“较不适宜”面积有所增加,表明该县生态环境有所退化。
[关键词]:生态安全;生态环境适宜性;层次分析法
Abstract:This study selected 8 indicators including vegetation, slope, elevation, terrain relief, disaster density, river network density, density of residential areas and soil moisture, which have a great impact on the ecological environment based on representativeness, comprehensiveness, scientificity, accessibility, and systematic principles, combined the method of analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of each index. Then, This study estimates the ecological environmental suitability of Wenchuan County in 2008 and 2010 respectively, and systematically analyzes the suitability of the ecological environment based on the results. The analysis shows: From 2008 to 2010, the ecological suitability of most areas in Wenchuan County was above the “appropriate” level, that is, the overall performance was good, but the area of “less suitable” increased, indicating that the ecological environment of the county was degraded.
Keywords:Ecological security;Eco-environmental suitability;Analytic Hierarchy Process
1引言
近年来,社会快速发展的弊端开始显现,全球环境恶化,经济发展不稳定,资源短缺等问题层出不穷,国际社会对生态环境保护的意识持续增强,人们越发地意识到生态环境对社会发展的重要性。开展对生态环境适宜性科学准确的评价,是为充分认识生态环境资源的利用现状,为生态空间规划、生态功能区划分、生态使用制度制定等管理措施的实施提供科学的决策依据的重要工作。经过近半个世纪的发展,生态适宜性评价指标体系已经从单一自然体系发展到自然-社会-经济-生态复合体系评价内容从单目标的分散评价扩充至多属性、多目标的综合评价。总的来说,生态适宜性评价是一种量化生态环境资源用途适宜度的工具,在减缓用地冲突、科学规划空间布局方面发挥着积极作用,对人类的生存与社会发展有着极其重要的意义。……
