陆云梅 黄仁华

摘要：为了阐明采收期对费约果贮藏期间活性氧代谢的影响，确定果实最佳采收时期，以品种Coolidge果实为材料，分析了始熟期（花后130 d）、盛熟期（花后150 d）和过熟期（花后170 d）采收果实在贮藏期间果肉线粒体细胞活性氧代谢及抗坏血酸—谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环的差异。结果显示，盛熟期采收的果实在贮藏后期H2O2含量和O2-·产生速率显著高于始熟期和过熟期采收的果实，而贮藏前6 d无显著差异；同时，果实在贮藏前期，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）等酶活性以及抗坏血酸（AsA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量变化较小，但9 d后呈迅速增加的变化趋势，其中DHAR、GR活性以及AsA和GSH含量增加速率以过熟期采收的果实最大，其次为始熟期和盛熟期。因此，针对果实贮藏期活性氧代谢及AsA-GSH循环而言，采收时间对费约果短期贮藏无显著影响，而中长期贮藏以盛熟期（花后150 d）采收为最佳时期。

关键词：采收期；费约果；线粒体；活性氧代谢；AsA-GSH循环

中图分类号：S667.9 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）11-0050-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.11.012

Abstract： In order to elucidate the effects of harvest time on active oxygen metabolism of Feijoa sellowiana fruit during storage and determine the best harvest time，the active oxygen metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle in mitochondria of Feijoa sellowiana pulp harvested at initial ripe stage （IRS，130 d after flowering），full ripe stage （FRS，150 d after flowering） and excess ripe stage（ERS，170 d after flowering） were studied during the storage. The results showed that the H2O2 content and O2-· production rate in FRS fruits was significantly higher than those in IRS and ERS fruits during the late storage stage，but there were no significant difference before 6 d storage. At the same time，there were no significant changes in APX，DHAR，GR activities and AsA and GSH contents during the early stage of postharvest storage. After storage 9 d，the rapidly increasing trend in these indexes were showed and the biggest increasing rate was found in ERS fruits，followed by ERS fruits and FRS frruits. Therefore，in the case of active oxygen metabolism and AsA-GSH cycle during the fruit storage period，harvesting time had no significant difference on the F. sellowiana fruits in short-term storage，but for long-term storage，the full ripe stage（150 d after anthesis） was optimal harvesting time.

Key words： harvesting time； Feijoa sellowiana； mitochondria； active oxygen metabolism； AsA-GSH cycle

費约果（Feijoa sellowiana Berg.）又名肥吉果、菲油果、南美稔、凤榴，系桃金娘科，属常绿灌木或小乔木[1]，起源于巴西最南端、阿根廷北部、巴拉圭和乌拉圭西部的山区。目前，新西兰、法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、意大利、日本等国均有专门果园种植，其中新西兰是种植发展最好的国家，在中国，西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院于2004年从新西兰将其引入四川绵阳地区，经过近十年的驯化引种，已逐步进入推广种植阶段[2]。费约果果实芳香，具有人体需要的多种营养成分，如矿质元素、脂肪酸、维生素、多酚、类胡萝卜素等[3-5]，是目前国际市场热销的新型水果之一。……