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认知行为疗法对癌症患者化疗期间睡眠质量的干预效果

2018-07-13王爱红周小燕王明全

中国医药导报 2018年11期

王爱红 周小燕 王明全

[摘要] 目的 探讨认知行为疗法对于化疗癌症患者睡眠质量的干预效果。 方法 选择2010年1月~2015年1月延安大学附属医院接受化疗的癌症患者88例,分为观察组43例,对照组45例。对照组采用常规治疗方法,观察组在对照组基础上采用认知行为干预。于干预前、干预1、3个月后采用睡眠治疗指数(PSQI)问卷、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对患者的睡眠质量和心理状态进行评估。 结果 干预3个月后,两组患者的SAS评分、SDS评分、PSQI显著低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);观察组患者的SAS评分、SDS评分、PSQI低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论 认知行为疗法显著降低了化疗癌症患者的抑郁、焦虑水平和失眠的严重程度。

[关键词] 睡眠障碍;认知行为疗法;化疗;癌症

[中圖分类号] R473.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)04(b)-0154-04

[Abstract] Objective To determine effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on sleep quality in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Methods From January 2010 to January 2015, in Affiliated Hospital of Yan′an University, 88 cancer patients received chemotherapy were selected, they were divided into observation group (43 cases) and control group (45 cases). The control group was given routine treatment, the observation group was given cognitive behavioral therapy based on the control group. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Zung′s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Zung′s self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the sleep quality and psychological status after intervention 1 month and 3 months. Results After 3 months intervention, SAS scores ,SDS scores and PSQI of two groups were significantly lower than before the intervention, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); SAS scores, SDS scores and PSQI of the observation group were lower than control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Cognitive behavioral therapy significantly reduces the levels of depression, anxiety and the severity of insomnia in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.

[Key words] Sleep disruption; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Chemotherapy treatment; Cancer

据估计有三分之一到一半的癌症患者存在睡眠问题,癌症幸存者的睡眠障碍和抑郁倾向是临床报道的重要内容[1-2]。认知行为治疗(CBT)通过改变患者的不良认知和行为,从而缓解病情、提高生活质量,是一种针对性的多方面心理行为干预手段,大量的临床实践证明了其治疗失眠症的效果[3-5]。疾病、疼痛、住院、癌症药物和其他治疗以及疾病的心理影响都可能会扰乱癌症患者的睡眠模式。化疗是癌症的主要治疗手段之一,剧烈的不良反应会加重患者的睡眠障碍。随着国内疾病治疗理念的改变,心理干预治疗不断重视,有认知行为疗法治疗癌症疼痛、放疗患者癌性疲劳等相关报道,但是,没有关于CBT改善化疗患者睡眠质量的研究。本研究旨在观察CBT对改善患者化疗期间心理状态和睡眠质量的作用,为临床将CBT纳入化疗患者的常规护理手段提供支持。……

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