不同落点网球大力发球肌肉用力特征分析
2018-06-21金宗学熊开宇何辉吴声远
金宗学 熊开宇 何辉 吴声远
摘 要:目的:研究优秀网球运动员不同落点大力发球的用力特征。方法:采用美国无线DELSYS表面肌电采集优秀网球运动员发向内角、中路和外角的大力发球过程中的表面肌电信号,并同步高速摄像记录动作画面。结果:网球运动员不同落点大力发球时,落点在IAR的RB(444.92±179.67 μVs)明显高于EAR的RB(222.95±96.82 μVs); 落点在IAR的RDT(612.83±235.48 μVs)明显高于EAR的RDT(388.18±102.51 μVs);落点在IAR和MR的RP(131.57±32.73 μVs和252.93±118.59 μVs)明显低于EAR的RP(252.93±118.59 μVs),运动员不同落点大力发球的其他相关肌肉之间的发力大小均无显著性差异。结论:1)网球运动员大力发球时,决定发球落点的主要肌肉群是肱桡肌、三角肌和胸大肌;2)网球运动员不同落点大力发球时,腕关节肌肉群、核心部位肌肉群和下肢肌肉群的发力特征无显著性差异。
关键词:表面肌电;网球;大力发球;不同落点
中图分类号:G804.63 文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-2076(2018)01-0100-05
Abstract:Objective: To analyze characteristic difference among various drop points so as to provide evidence support for muscle strength training of different drop point. Methods: By the method of DELSYS16 exporting wireless SEMG and 2D high speed photography, analyzing the different maximal exertion serve mark technique and revealing the muscular exertion characteristics of interior angle (IAR), Middle Rd (MR) and exterior angle (EAR) powerful serve mark. Results: When tennis ball players serve in different drops, RB in IAR (444.92±179.67μVs) is significant higher than in EAR (222.95±96.82μVs), RDT in IAR (612.83±235.48μVs) is significant higher than in EAR (388.18±102.51μVs), LAR and MR in RP (131.57±32.73μVs和252.93±118.59μVs) is significant lower than in EAR (252.93±118.59μVs) and there is no significant difference among other muscles discharge ability. Conclusion: 1) When tennis players serve powerfully, the main muscle groups that decide serve drops include right brachioradialis, deltoid and pectoralis major; 2) When tennis players serve powerfully, wrist joints, muscles, the core muscles and lower extremity muscle groups are no significant difference.
Key words: SEMG ; tennis; powerful serve; different drop point
發球是竞技网球比赛中主要技术之一,不仅仅是每一分的开始,更是由自己掌握且不受对方控制的唯一技术[1],因此网球运动员可应用高质量的发球迫使对手失误或者处于被动状态,尤其是在第一发球中,运动员往往会利用快速有力和落点刁钻的发球直接得分或处于主动进攻状态,尤其是在速度一定情况下,变化多端的落点是决定发球质量的直接因素[2]。经查阅大量有关网球发球的文献资料可知,研究网球大力发球动作技术的肌肉用力特征和时序、运动生物力学原理和相关损伤等研究相对较多,而对于不同落点的大力发球的肌肉用力特征的研究很少。……
