宫庆涛 武海斌 李桂祥 姜莉莉 李素红 孙瑞红

摘要：为准确掌握梨小食心虫产卵选择特性，本试验分别研究了田间自然条件和室内饲养条件下该虫的产卵选择特点，并进行了相关拟合分析。结果表明，梨小食心虫田间和室内产卵具有明显的方位和层次选择特点。就方位而言，梨小食心虫偏嗜东方和北方产卵，且该现象在室内更为明显。就层次而言，该虫在田间折梢危害随树冠高度的降低而降低，数量比例符合方程y=29.5053x-25.6772（R2=0.994 4），表现明显线性特征。室内主要在柱形玻璃筒顶部产卵，落卵密度分别为侧面和底部的8.63倍和14.46倍；按照高度将柱形玻璃筒侧面分为3个层次，落卵密度随高度降低递减，上部分别是中部和下部的9.94倍和39.75倍，其数量比例符合方程y=0.0054e1.8397x（R2=0.977 3），表现指数增长特征。综合比较可知，梨小食心虫田间和室内均偏嗜东方和北方上部产卵，该结果可为桃园梨小食心虫防治及室内饲养等提供参考。

关键词：梨小食心虫；产卵；选择性；方位；层次；桃

中图分类号：S433.4文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2018）04-0098-04

Abstract In order to accurately understand the oviposition preference of Grapholitha molesta （Busck）， we studied the oviposition preference characteristics under field natural conditions and indoor rearing conditions， and carried out the relevant fitting analysis. The results showed that there were obvious oviposition preference characteristics for azimuth and layer in the field and lab. As far as the azimuth was concerned， G. molesta preferred the east and north， and this phenomenon was more obvious indoors. In terms of layer， the damage of top-breaking caused by G. molesta reduced with the height of tree canopy decreasing， and the number proportion fitted the equation of y=29.5053x-25.6772（R2=0.994 4）， which showed clear linear characteristics. In lab， G. molesta oviposited at the top of the cylindrical glass tube， and its density was 8.63 and 14.46 times that of the side and bottom， respectively. According to the height， the side of the cylindrical glass tube was divided into three layers， and the density decreased with the height reduction. The density of upper part was 9.94 and 39.75 times that of the middle and lower parts， respectively. The number proportion fitted the equation of y=0.0054e1.8397x（R2=0.977 3）， which showed the characteristics of exponential growth. It was concluded that G. molesta preferred upper of the east and north for oviposition in field and lab， which could provide references for control of G. molesta in peach orchard and indoor rearing.

Keywords Grapholitha molesta （Busck）； Oviposition； Preference； Azimuth； Layer； Peach

梨小食心蟲〔Grapholitha molesta（Busck）〕，属鳞翅目（Lepidoptera），小卷叶蛾科（Tortricidae），是严重危害蔷薇科水果的世界性害虫之一，起源于中国西南部的云南省，广泛分布于温带水果种植区[1]。桃梢及桃果作为梨小食心虫的最适寄主，常年受害严重，显著影响桃树生长和桃果产量[2-4]。桃梢作为梨小食心虫主要食物来源，其受害程度决定继代幼虫发生危害程度，因此，前期控害尤为关键。

梨小食心虫田间防治不仅需要选用恰当的药剂，掌握准确的防治时期，更需要明确其危害规律。……