王庆国 李臻 刘炜 潘教文

摘要：谷子是我国的传统优势作物，具有抗旱、耐瘠薄、高光效以及基因组小、生育期短等突出优势，受到国际遗传学界的高度重视，已迅速发展成为功能基因组研究新的候选模式作物。但目前在蛋白质水平上解析谷子干旱响应的研究还较少。本研究利用TMT（tandem mass tags）体外同重同位素标记的相对与绝对定量技术，筛选并鉴定谷子干旱响应蛋白。研究发现谷子干旱响应差异蛋白主要参与胁迫响应、碳代谢、光合作用和蛋白合成等相关代谢途径。该研究对于深入解析谷子的抗旱机制，培育抗旱耐逆谷子新品种具有重要意义。

关键词：谷子；干旱胁迫；蛋白质组；GO分析

中图分类号：S515+Q51文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2018）04-0001-08

Abstract Foxtail millet is the traditional dominant crop in China. It has many outstanding advantages including drought resistance， poor soil tolerance， high photosynthetic efficiency， small genome and short growth period. The international field of genetics has paid more attention to it. It has been rapidly developed as the new candidate mode crop to study functional genomes. But there were less studies on the drought response of foxtail millet from protein level analysis at present. In the study， the drought response proteins of foxtail mille were screened and indentified by TMT technology. The results found that differential proteins in drought response of foxtail mille mainly participated in related metabolic pathways including stress response， carbon metabolism， photosynthesis and protein synthesis. This study was of great significance to deeply analyzing drought resistance mechanism and breeding new varieties of foxtail millet with drought and adversity resistance.

Keywords Foxtail millet； Drought stress； Proteomics； Gene ontology （GO） analysis

谷子（Setaria italica L. Beauv.）又称粟，去壳后为小米，是起源于我国的传统优势作物，也是粮饲兼用作物，种植面积占世界的80%。谷子在我国各省区几乎都能种植，主产区为东北、华北及西北地区。在北方干旱省份仍是重要粮食作物，在一些地区甚至是首要栽培作物。谷子具有抗旱耐贫瘠的特点，其营养保健价值、国际竞争力和产量潜力均被重新认识[1，2]。谷子不仅在目前旱作生态农业中有重要作用，而且针对日益严重的水资源短缺，谷子还是重要的战略储备作物，在我国国民经济中具有重要地位。

谷子与玉米、高粱、甘蔗、珍珠粟、糜子、柳枝稷等禾谷类粮食、能源作物近缘，具有抗旱、耐瘠薄、高光效以及基因组小、生育期短等突出优势。但长期以来谷子未受到国际科学界的关注，其遗传学研究相对滞后[3]。……