美国皇帝
2018-06-12王伟滨
王伟滨
一首风靡20世纪60年代的歌这样唱道:
If you are going to San Francisco,
Be sure to wear some flowers on your hair.
If you are going to San Francisco,
Youre gonna meet some gentle people there.
(如果你去旧金山,
记得要把花儿插在发间。
如果你去旧金山,
在那儿,定会遇到些温柔的人。)
旧金山是个浪漫而包容的城市,各式奇奇怪怪的人,都可以在这里找到。
今天要讲的这个“怪人”,就属于旧金山;除了“怪人”,他还有个更加响亮的名号——“美国皇帝”——全称是“美国皇帝兼墨西哥保护者诺顿一世”(Norton I, Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico)。
我第一次知道“诺顿皇帝”的故事,是在一篇名为《三个九月和一个一月》(“Three Septembers and One January”) 的漫画中,那是尼尔·盖曼(Neil Gaiman)的长篇系列漫画《睡魔》(The Sandman)中的一个小小短篇。《睡魔》是一部以“梦想”(Dream)、“妄诞”(Delirium)、“欲望”(Desire)、绝望(Despair),以及“死亡”(Death)等为主角的神奇漫画,人称“为知识分子而作的漫画”(a comic strip for intellectuals);“诺顿皇帝”出现在这样的作品中,也算没有辱没他的大名。

君主,无论是国王(king)、皇帝(emperor),抑或是亲王(prince)、大公(duke),称呼虽不同,性质却基本相似,都是在一定地域范围内,拥有凌驾于普通民众之上绝对权威的人物。
不过,“君权神授”的说法,虽古已有之,皇帝这种拥有至高无上且毫无节制的权力的生物,却从来就与“天道”相抵触。

在《圣经·撒母耳记上》(1 Samuel)中,当以色列人也想像其他部族一样,拥有一个国王时,先知撒母耳发表了一番慷慨激昂的演讲,痛斥这种绝对权威的危害,认为他们纯粹是违反“天道”,强加在人民之上的一道枷锁:
He said, “These will be the ways of the king who will reign over you: He will take your sons and appoint them to his chariots(战车)and to be his horsemen and to run before his chariots. And he will appoint for himself commanders of thousands and commanders of fifties, and some to plow his ground and to reap his harvest, and to make his implements of war and the equipment of his chariots. He will take your daughters to be perfumers and cooks and bakers. He will take the best of your fields and vineyards and olive orchards and give them to his servants. He will take the tenth of your grain and of your vineyards and give it to his officers and to his servants. He will take your male servants and female servants and the best of your young men and your donkeys, and put them to his work. He will take the tenth of your flocks, and you shall be his slaves. And in that day you will cry out because of your king, whom you have chosen for yourselves, but the Lord will not answer you in that day.” (8:11—18)

(“管轄你们的王必这样行,他必派你们的儿子为他赶车,跟马,奔走在车前;又派他们做千夫长、五十夫长,为他耕种田地,收割庄稼,打造军器和车上的器械。必取你们的女儿为他制造香膏,做饭烤饼。……
