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放线菌产杀虫物质的初步鉴别及其活性评价

2018-06-07张遵霞张亚妮方伟张志刚王开梅万中义

湖北农业科学 2018年7期

张遵霞 张亚妮 方伟 张志刚 王开梅 万中义

摘要:从中国四川乐山地区采集的土样中分离到1株放线菌HBERC-21542,农药活性测定发现其发酵粗提物对农业害虫具有很好的杀虫活性。对HPLC半制备组分进行农药活性测定结果表明,其杀虫活性成分出峰时间在14~19 min。根据HPLC-MS图谱特征确定了活性物质的分子离子峰及分子量,结合UV吸收光谱及文献数据,初步确定其为聚醚化合物费棱西霉素A。对发酵提取物进行HPLC制备后,获得了纯度在90%左右的纯品,在50 μg/mL浓度下,其对小菜蛾、棉铃虫的杀虫效果达到90%~100%。

关键词:天然产物;杀虫活性;放线菌;费棱西霉素A

中图分类号:S476 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2018)07-0061-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.07.014

Identification and Evaluation of a Natural Product with Insectcidal Activity Produced by an Actinomycetes Strain

ZHANG ZUN-xia, ZHANG Ya-ni, FANG Wei, ZHANG Zhi-gang, WANG Kai-mei, WAN Zhong-yi

(Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center/The Branch Center of Biopesticide, Hubei Agricultural Sciences and Technology Innovation Center, Wuhan 430064, China)

Abstract: During the screening process of natural products produced by actionmycetes,a strain HBERC-21542 was isolated from soil samples collected in Leshan district,Sichuan province. The fermentation extract exhibited strong insectcidal activities against some insects such as Plutella xylostell,Helicoverpa armigera,etc. It was determined by components bioassay that the active compounds were in between 14~19 min in HPLC profile,and the active compound was identified as Ferensimycin A based on MS,UV absoption spectrum and natural product dictionary. Pure compound of 90% was obtained by preparative HPLC,and the lethal rate was 90%~100% at 50 μg/mL against Plutella xylostell,Helicoverpa armigera.

Key words: natural products;insectcidal activity;actinomycetes;Ferensimycin A

在生物源农药的研究及开发工作中,放线菌产生的活性天然产物是其重要来源。在国内市场上,农用抗生素占生物源农药市场份额的90%左右[1]。天然产物的重要性在于,一方面,它们可经过发酵、提取及剂型化等后处理过程制成生物农药,如现在广泛使用的生物农药阿维菌素、多杀菌素、井冈霉素、农抗120等[2];另一方面,以天然产物为模板,对其结构进行优化改造,是研发高效、低毒、绿色农药的另一途径,如阿米西达,就是以真菌产生的Strobilurin[3]为先导化合物经人工改造而获得的。

HBERC-21542是湖北省生物农药工程研究中心在农药活性天然产物筛选过程中,从四川乐山地区采集的土样中分离到的1株放线菌,其发酵提取物经室内生物测定,对多种农作物害虫靶标具有良好的杀虫活性,对发酵提取物进行HPLC半制备及自动收集,获得了不同时间流出的样品共36份,经生物测定,确定其活性成分在14~19 min。……

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