高建华

【摘 要】目的：分析普外科手术后胃肠减压不适症状，并提出相应护理措施 。方法：选取2015年12月～2017年12月我院普外科收治的120例术后接受胃肠减压的患者作为此次的研究对象，采取调查问卷的形式，对患者术后胃肠减压期间发生的不适症状进行统计与分析，根据不同的症状特点采取对应护理措施。 结果：120例术后胃肠减压患者中出现的不适症状主要包括口渴口干、饥饿、咽喉部疼痛、语言不利、排痰困难、恶心呕吐、心理压力大、失眠等。结论：普外科手术后胃肠减压出现的上述多种不适症状一般与护理措施不当有关，护理人员通过采取对应的护理措施，有利于减轻患者术后不适症状，使其积极配合治疗，促进术后康复。

【关键词】普外科；术后；胃肠减压；不适症状；护理措施

Abstract Objective：To analyze the Department of general surgery after surgery of gastrointestinal decompression unwell symptom， and put forward the corresponding nursing measures.Methods： From December 2015 to December 2017 120 cases in our hospital were admitted to Department of general surgery after receiving gastrointestinal decompression patients as the research object of this， take the form of questionnaire， on the occurrence of gastrointestinal decompression in patients with postoperative discomfort for statistical analysis， and take corresponding nursing measures according to the characteristics of different symptoms. Results： The symptoms of 120 cases of gastrointestinal decompression were mainly thirsty， dry mouth， hunger， throat pain， language discomfort， expectoration， nausea and vomiting， psychological pressure and insomnia. Conclusion： The above symptoms of gastrointestinal decompression after Department of general surgery operation are generally related to improper nursing measures. Nursing staff through corresponding nursing measures are helpful for relieving postoperative discomfort symptoms， making them cooperate with treatment actively and promoting postoperative rehabilitation.

Key words： Department of general surgery； postoperative； gastrointestinal decompression； discomfort symptoms； nursing measures

【中圖分类号】 R47【文献标识码】 B 【文章编号】 1672-3783（2018）04-03-041-01

胃肠减压是普外科手术后护理措施中常见的操作技能之一。胃肠减压术主要是利用虹吸及负压吸引原理，从患者的口腔或鼻腔部位插入胃管，将积聚于患者胃肠道内的液体和气体通过胃管吸出，从而有效降低胃肠梗阻患者胃肠道内的张力及压力，促使胃肠肌肉得到充分放松和休息，促进患者术后胃肠道功能快速恢复[1-2]。同时胃肠减压能够防止胃肠道穿孔患者的胃肠内容物经穿孔口处漏入腹腔，对促进其胃肠吻合术后伤口吻合及痊愈有重要的作用[3]。为进一步减轻患者的术后不适，以积极配合临床治疗，本次研究选取我院普外科收治的120例胃肠减压患者，就其术后胃肠减压的不适症状进行统计分析，并针对患者的不同症状提出相应的护理措施，具体内容如下。……