合浦采石场矿坑环境现状及生态修复治理对策
2018-05-03吴琴琴黄仕英欧亮黄勇
吴琴琴 黄仕英 欧亮 黄勇
摘要:合浦沿海采石场数量繁多,生态破坏严重,对周边红树林、鸟类等构成重大威胁。本文从合浦沿海废弃矿坑的实际特点出发,提出以构建藻—虾—梭鱼—海参立体养殖体系为手段的矿坑生态修复新途径。通过合理混养,形成环环紧扣的食物链,减少残饵残渣,减轻底质污染,有效净化水体,抑制养殖水域富营养化,避免二次污染,实现生态效益与经济效益双统一。
Abstract: There are a large number of quarries in Hepu's coastal areas, which cause serious ecological damage and pose a major threat to the surrounding mangroves and birds. Based on the actual characteristics of the abandoned mine pits along the coast of Hepu, this paper proposes a new way of ecological restoration of the pits by constructing a three-dimensional culture system of algae-shrimp-barracuda-sea cucumber. Through rational polyculture, a food chain with a tight ring is formed to reduce residual bait residue and sediment pollution, effectively purify water bodies, inhibit eutrophication of aquaculture waters, avoid secondary pollution, and realize dual ecological and ecological benefits.
关键词:沿海矿坑;地质环境;生态修复;立体养殖
Key words: coastal mine pit;geological environment;ecological restoration;three-dimensional culture
中图分类号:F205 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2018)14-0055-02
0 引言
随着经济迅猛发展,自2008年以来,北海市建材需求量与日渐增,导致周边石灰岩地质沿海地区频频遭到无序开发,滥采石材现象已严重破坏当地生态环境。2016年,中央电视台经济半小时栏目对合浦采石场矿坑进行专题报道,引起各级政府及广大群众的高度重视与关注,合浦沿海废弃矿坑生态修复与利用迫在眉睫。
本文通过调查合浦采石场的环境现状及地层构造,在文献调研基础上,提出构建藻—虾—梭鱼—海参立体养殖系统,通过构建小型生态平衡体系,对沿海废弃矿坑进行生态修复,实现生态效益与经济效益双赢局面。
1 环境现状调查
1.1 采石场环境概况
北海市合浦县位于广西南部,东经108°51-109°46,北纬21°27-21°55,属于亚热带沿海平原,多年平均气温22.4℃,共有1500多种沿海海洋生物生存活动,适宜发展海水养殖产业。
合浦县沿海采石场主要分布在闸口镇、公馆镇及白沙镇,共计有32个采石场,形成37个矿坑。……
