高原地区埋地钢制油气管道风险评价模型研究
2018-04-10朱平庞旭吴漫
朱平 庞旭 吴漫



摘要: 为降低油气管道整体风险水平,实现油气管道的安全运行,对油气管道风险评价模型进行了综述。分别从腐蚀、第三方破坏、自然灾害、误操作以及设计五个方面论述油气管道风险因素的来源,综述各风险因素的对油气管道的影响。通过分析油气管道风险评价领域中当前广泛使用或者应用前景广阔的几类模型方法,总结与对比国内外管道风险评价模型的研究现状,基于高原地区埋地钢制油气管道的敷设条件,为高原地区埋地钢制油气管道风险评价模型提供一些建议。
Abstract: In order to reduce the overall risk level of and realize the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines, this paper reviews the risk assessment model of oil and gas pipeline. The sources of oil and gas pipeline risk factors are discussed from the aspects of corrosion, third - party damage, natural disaster, misoperation and design. The influence of each risk factor on oil and gas pipeline is reviewed. Based on the analysis of several types of model methods, which are widely used in the field of risk assessment of oil and gas pipelines, this paper summarizes and compares the research status of domestic and foreign pipeline risk assessment models. Based on the laying conditions of buried steel oil and gas pipelines in the plateau area, it provides some suggestions for risk assessment model of buried steel oil and gas pipeline in the plateau area.
關键词: 高原地区;油气管道;风险因素;风险评价模型
Key words: plateau area;oil and gas pipeline;risk factors;model of risk assessment
中图分类号:TE973 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-4311(2018)11-0025-04
0 引言
近些年来,油气管道随着全球油气产业的蓬勃发展而迅速增长,管道事故(如泄漏、爆炸)频繁发生,造成了严重的生命财产损失和环境破坏[1]。在我国,随着油气长输管道建设量的增大,老管线服役时间的增长,管道事故也日益增长,为确保油气管道的安全,使新管道无故障运行,老管道在设计寿命内继续健康安全运行,对油气管道开展风险评价是非常必要的[2]。
国内外不少石油公司综合运用各种风险分析方法开发了管道的风险评价,尤其是美国管道风险管理专家W.Kent Muhlbauer[3]提出的专家评分法[4-5]被加拿大、美国等发达国家广泛使用于管线风险评价。国内的管道风险评价也主要以专家评分法为主,在借鉴国外技术基础上,开发了RISKSCORE管道定量安全评价软件。……
