张浩 陈良亮 齐连伟 王念春 陈中 黄学良

摘 要： 为了使纯电动汽车在制动过程中满足制动安全和充分回收制动能量的需求以及保持一定的制动舒适度，引入最优前端个体系数对NSGA?Ⅱ多目标遗传优化算法进行改进，并将解集筛选模块应用到制动控制器的设计中，随后嵌入到ADVISOR中进行仿真测试。实验结果表明，提出的控制策略可以有效保证足够的制动安全性，在能量回收效率和制动舒适性方面较标准的NSGA?Ⅱ算法优化的控制策略均有提高。

关键词： 纯电动汽车； 机电复合制动系统； NSGA?Ⅱ； 制动力分配； 控制策略； 制动安全

中图分类号： TN876?34； U469 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2018）07?0097?05

Research on modified NSGA?Ⅱ algorithm based electro?mechanical

hybrid braking control strategy of electric vehicle

PAN Shenghui1， XU Ping2， SONG Zhongda1， WU Tiantian1

（1. Guangxi University of Science and Technology， Liuzhou 545006， China； 2. Liuzhou No.1 Vocational and Technical School， Liuzhou 545007， China）

Abstract： In order to make that the electric vehicle can meet the requirements of braking safety and sufficient energy recovery in braking process， and maintain a certain braking comfort level， an optimal front?end individual coefficient is introduced to improve the multi?objective genetic algorithm based on non?dominated sorting genetic algorithm?Ⅱ （NSGA?Ⅱ）. The solution set screening module is applied to the design of braking controller， and embedded into ADVISOR for simulation test. The experimental results show that the control strategy can ensure the sufficient braking safety， and its energy recovery efficiency and braking comfort level are improved than those of control strategy based on standard NSGA?Ⅱ algorithm.

Keywords： electric vehicle； electro?mechanical hybrid braking system； NSGA?Ⅱ； braking force distribution； control strategy； braking safety

摘 要： 开关器件对地寄生电容是共模电流流通的主要路徑，产生的传导EMI会对设备形成不利影响。以充电机水冷散热器为例进行分析，利用金属静电屏蔽特性采取两种措施降低电磁干扰。一种是在开关器件与散热器之间的导热硅脂间插入一接直流0 V地的金属层；另一种是对水冷散热器结构进行改造，将金属水箱分为两部分，利用绝缘密封安装槽连接这两部分，其中一块金属水盖接到直流0 V地上，另一块水盖通过机壳接地。仿真结果表明采用所述方法均能有效地抑制传导共模电流，而后一种方法能达到更好的效果。

关键词： 水冷散热器； 导热硅脂； 对地寄生电容； 传导EMI； 静电屏蔽； 电磁干扰

中图分类号： TN99?34 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X（2018）07?0093?04

Research on EMI suppression with different shielding measures

ZHANG Hao1， 2， CHEN Liangliang1， 2， QI Lianwei3， WANG Nianchun3， CHEN Zhong3， HUANG Xueliang3

（1. NARI Group Corporation （State Grid Electric Power Research Institute）， Nanjing 211106， China；

2. NARI Technology Development Limited Company， Nanjing 211106， China； 3. School of Electrical Engineering， Southeast University， Nanjing 210096， China）

Abstract： The parasitic capacitance to ground of switching devices is considered as the main path for common?mode （CM） current flow， and the conducted EMI generated in it has poor effect on the device. The water cooling heatsink of the charger is taken as an example for analysis. According the metal electrostatic shielding properties， two EMI suppression measures are adopted to reduce EMI. For the first measures， a metal layer linking to DC 0 V ground is inserted into the thermal grease between switching device and heatsink. For the second measures， the structure of the water cooling heatsink is altered to divide the metal tank into two parts， and an insulating seal mounting groove is used to connect the two parts. One metal cover is connected to DC 0 V ground， and another cover is connected to ground by chassis. The simulation results show that both of the two measures can suppress the conducted CM current effectively， but the second measure can reach the suppression effect better.

Keywords： water cooling heatsink； thermal grease； parasitic capacitance to ground； conducted EMI； electrostatic shielding； electromagnetic interference

引 言

IGBT是变换器系统中常用的关键器件，在工作过程中热耗量很大，需要将其热量及时散发出去，与其他散热方式相比，水冷散热是现在常用的散热方法[1]。……