张敏

[摘要] 目的 分析个性化护理干预措施对哮喘患者治疗依从性的影响作用。 方法 选取2015年6月20日～2017年6月20日于本院就诊的80例哮喘患者，对其治疗资料进行回顾性分析。随机将患者分为两组，每组40例，一组实施普通的护理措施，为常规组，另一组实施个性化护理干预措施，为护理组。对比分析两组患者经护理后的治疗依从性、治疗效果（包括住院時间、咳嗽及憋喘缓解时间及哮鸣音消退时间）、最大呼气流速、症状评分差异以及1 s用力呼气容积。 结果 经护理后，护理组患者的治疗依从性达97.5%，常规组治疗依从性为82.5%，护理组依从性高于常规组（P<0.05）；两组患者在咳嗽及憋喘缓解时间及哮鸣音消退时间上均有良性变化，但护理组变化效果高于常规组，其护理组住院时间较常规组更短（P<0.05）；护理前后两组患者的PEF、PEV1评分均有改善，但护理组的改善效果优于常规组（P<0.05）。 结论 个性化护理能够有效提高哮喘患者的治疗依从性，加快患者哮喘症状的改善，有效控制临床症状，可在哮喘患者的临床护理中进行推广。

[关键词] 哮喘；个性化护理；治疗依从性；过敏源控制

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）01-0145-03

Impact assessment of individualized nursing intervention on treatment compliance in asthmatic patients

ZHANG Min

Department of Nephrology and Respiratory Medicine， Xinwen Mining Group Laiwu Central Hospital， Laiwu 271199， China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the effect of individualized nursing intervention on treatment compliance in asthma patients. Methods A total of 80 patients with asthma treated in our hospital from June 20， 2015 to June 20， 2017 were enrolled. Their treatment data were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into two groups， with 40 patients in each group. One group was given ordinary care measures（the conventional group）， and the other group was given individualized nursing interventions（the nursing group）. The treatment compliance， treatment effect （including the length of stay， cough and asthma relief time and wheeze subsidence time）， maximum expiratory flow rate， symptom score difference and forced expiratory volume in one second between the two groups were compared after treatment. Results After treatment， the treatment compliance of the nursing group reached 97.5%， higher than that of the conventional group（82.8%， P<0.05）. Both groups had benign changes in cough and asthma relief time and wheeze subsidence time. However， the change effect of nursing group was higher than that of routine group. The hospitalization time of the nursing group was shorter than that of the conventional group（P<0.05）. The PEF and PEV1 scores improved in both groups before and after nursing， but the improving effect of the nursing group was better than that of the conventional group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Individualized nursing can effectively improve the treatment compliance of patients with asthma， accelerate the improvement of asthma symptoms and effectively control the clinical symptoms， which can be promoted in the clinical nursing of patients with asthma.

[Key words] Asthma； Individualized nursing； Treatment compliance； Allergen control

哮喘是临床上一种较为常见的呼吸道疾病，发病率颇高，而且病程长，在以往的治疗当中，所采取的护理方式不够全面，因此，患者对于治疗的依从性比较低，以至于无法尽快缓解和改善患者的临床癥状，护理中对于过敏源的控制力度比较薄弱，降低了治疗效果，个性化护理干预措施是一种针对患者个人差异和需求的护理方法，为了明确该护理方式对哮喘患者治疗依从性的影响，本文实施了此次研究。现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2015年6月20日～2017年6月20日于本院就诊的80例哮喘患者，对其治疗资料进行回顾性分析，随机将患者分为两组，每组40例。一组实施普通的护理措施，为常规组，另一组实施个性化护理干预措施，为护理组。……