倪典 赵珂馨 董永逸 杨晓宇 刘文平

摘要：以湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州伍家台村生态观光茶园为例，基于美景度评判法（SBE）法对茶园景观美学功能进行了评价，并从空气温度、空气相对湿度、光照度、辐射热等方面测度了茶园生态环境效应，在此基础上研究了茶园景观美学功能和其生态环境效应的耦合关系。结果表明，美景度与茶排优美程度、建筑物美观程度在0.05水平上显著相关，同游步道与环境协调程度在0.01水平上显著相关。茶排优美程度与空气相对湿度在0.05水平上呈显著正相关，与光照度、天空辐射热、地表逆辐射热、空气温度、地表温度、风速则没有显著相关性;茶园建筑物美观度、游步道与环境协调程度均与生态环境因子没有显著相关性。可见，茶行排列是生态观光茶园建设应重点关注的内容。

关键词：生态茶园;景观评价;生态评价;美景度评判法（SBE法）;恩施州伍家台

中图分类号：S68         文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2018）22-0086-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.22.024           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Abstract： Taking the Wujiatai village ecotourism tea garden in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei province as an example，the landscape aesthetic function of the tea garden was evaluated based on the scenic beauty estimation procedure，and its ecological function was evaluated based on ecological environment factors such as air temperature，relative air humidity，and illuminance，and the coupling relationship between landscape aesthetics and ecological function in tea garden was studied on this basis. The results showed that scenic beauty was significantly correlated with the gracefulness of the tea platoon and aesthetics of buildings at 0.05 level，and was significantly correlated with the coordination degree of trails and the environment at 0.01 level. The gracefulness of the tea platoon was significantly positively correlated with the relative humidity of the air at 0.05 level，and was no significant correlated with the illuminance，sky radiant heat，surface radiant heat， air temperature，surface temperature， and wind speed. While，there was no significant correlation between the aesthetic appearance of the building，the coordination degree of trails and the environment and eco-environmental factors. The integrated data suggested that tea platoon arrangement is the focus of ecological tea garden construction.

Key words： ecological tea garden; landscape evaluation; ecological evaluation; scenic beauty estimation procedure; Wujiatai，Enshi Prefecture

隨着党的十八大“美丽中国”“社会主义新农村”“美丽乡村”等系列政策措施的提出，人们对于建设美丽中国的关注度不断增加。美丽乡村是美丽中国建设中的重要环节，也是推进生态文明建设和提升社会主义新农村建设的新工程、新载体[1]。茶旅游作为一种新兴的绿色健康旅游方式吸引了世界游客的目光，它是山区美丽乡村建设的重要发展模式，现已成为山区经济发展的重要增长点。目前，茶旅游热已带动了大量生态观光茶园的建设，如贵州湄潭生态茶园、江西虔心小镇生态茶园、湖北恩施州伍家台生态茶园等。……