徐慧娟 王蕊蕊 杨振德 吴广 蒙海勤 汪筱雪

摘要：以离体的泡核桃（Juglans sigillata Dode）叶为材料，研究了胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）对核桃（Juglans regia L.）叶生理生化指标的影响。结果表明，接种胶孢炭疽菌感病后核桃叶片内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均随着感病时间的延长呈先升高后降低的趋势，过氧化物酶（POD）活性则随着感病时间的延长呈先下降后升高的趋势，核桃叶发病第三天和第五天的SOD、POD和CAT活性均显著高于对照;丙二醛（MDA）、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量均随着核桃叶感病时间的延长呈现出升高的趋势，其中，MDA含量在感病的第三天和第五天均显著高于对照，而可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量与对照差异不显著;叶绿素含量随着核桃叶感病时间的延长而下降，在感病第五天叶绿素含量显著低于对照;感病核桃叶的净光合速率显著低于对照，气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率则与对照差异不显著。可见，胶孢炭疽菌感染对泡核桃叶片的生理生化特性有显著影响。

关键词：胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）;核桃（Juglans regia L.）;生理生化指标

中图分类号：S763.15;S436.64        文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2018）22-0070-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.22.020           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Abstract： Taking leaves of bubble walnut（Juglans sigillata Dode） in vitro as materials，the effects of physiological and biochemical of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on walnut （Juglans regia L.） leaves were studied. The results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and catalase（CAT） in walnut leaves after inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides decreased with the increase of the time of onset，peroxidase（POD） activity increased at first and then descend with the time increasing，protective enzyme activity of the third day and the fifth day after inoculated was significantly higher than that of the control group. Change of malonaldehyde（MDA），soluble protein and soluble sugar content in walnut leaves after inoculation with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed a rising trend with the extension of the time of onset， among， the content of MDA was significantly higher than the control group in the third and the fifth days，soluble protein and soluble sugar content was not significant with control. The net photosynthetic rate of walnut leaf which infected with walnut anthracnose was significantly lower than healthy walnut leaf. Stomatal conductance， intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and transpiration rate of walnut leaf which infected with walnut anthracnose was were not significant with control. Thus， it can be seen that the effects of physiological and biochemical of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on walnut leaves were significant.

Key words： Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; walnut（Juglans regia L.）; physiological and biochemical indicators

核桃（Juglans regia L.）原产中亚，为胡桃科（Juglandaceae）核桃属（Juglans）落叶乔木，核桃、腰果、扁桃和榛子一起被称为世界四大坚果。由于核桃具有很高的营养和经济价值，越来越受到人们的喜爱，使得核桃的需求量很高;再加上核桃比其他水果管理容易，投入成本更小，所以深受果农的欢迎。近些年来，广西河池市核桃种植面积不断扩大，但是核桃大面积的种植面临较严重的病虫害问题，其中核桃炭疽病是核桃的主要病害之一。……