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该院5年来铜绿假单胞菌耐药率变迁分析

2018-01-23沈佳丽

中外医疗 2017年30期

沈佳丽

[摘要] 目的 分析该院近5年铜绿假单胞菌的耐药变迁,为抗菌药物的合理使用提供参考。方法 以2012年1月—2016年12月该院细菌室分离出的1 228株铜绿假单胞菌为例,统计菌株耐药率并观察变化趋势。依据对亚胺培南(IPM)的敏感度将菌株分为IPM-S组(敏感,977株)和IPM-R组(耐药,251株),观察两组菌株的耐药率。结果 2016年哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、庆大霉素耐药率分别为9.9%、27.7%、7.1%、13.0%,5年内耐药率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。IPM-R组对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星耐药率依次为25.3%、47.5%、42.4%、17.2%、26.9%、40.7%、37.4%,与IPM-S组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 该院近5年铜绿假单胞菌耐药性普遍呈上升趋势且出现泛耐药倾向,应引起相关部门重视,加大监控力度,以延缓和控制铜绿假单胞菌耐药率的升高

[关键词] 铜绿假单胞菌;抗菌药物;耐药率变迁

[中图分类号] R446 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)10(c)-0188-03

Analysis of Drug Resistance Rate of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in the Hospital over the Past Five Years

SHEN Jia-li

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wujin Peoples Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province 213161 China

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to analyze the changes of drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa in this hospital in recent five years so as to provide reference for the rational use of antibiotics. Methods 1 228 strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the bacterial chamber of this hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were taken as examples, and the drug resistance rate was observed and the trend was observed. The strains were divided into IPM-S group (sensitive, 977 strains) and IPM-R group (resistant strain, 251 strains) according to the sensitivity of imipenem (IPM). The resistant rates of the two strains were observed. Results The resistance rates of piperacillin / tazobactam, imipenem, amikacin and gentamicin were 9.9%, 27.7%, 7.1% and 13.0% respectively in the 5 years, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The drug resistance rates of IPM-R group in piperacillin / tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were 25.3%, 47.5%, 42.4%, 17.2%, 26.9%, 40.7% and 37.4% respectively, which were statistically significant compared with IPM-S group (P<0.05). Conclusion The resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa is generally on the rise in this hospital in the past 5 years with the emergence of pan-drug resistance tendency, which should attract the attention from the infection department to strengthen the monitoring and to curb the rise of drug resistance tendency of the pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[Key words] Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Antimicrobial agents; Drug resistance rate change

銅绿假单胞菌是自然界常见细菌种类。研究发现,铜绿假单胞菌具有天然耐药性,临床治疗过程中不合理的药物使用又易使其发生变异,从而出现获得耐药性,导致多重耐药,增加临床抗感染治疗的困难度[1]。因此,为控制铜绿假单胞菌耐药、提高临床治疗相关感染性疾病的效果,加强对细菌耐药的动态监测十分必要[2]。文章现以2012年1月—2016年12月该院1 228株铜绿假单胞菌为例,观察近5年其对抗菌药物的耐药率变迁情况,现报道如下。endprint

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

以该院细菌室分离出的1 228株铜绿假单胞菌为研究对象。依据对亚胺培南(IPM)的敏感度将菌株分为两组。IPM-S组(敏感,977株):2012年188株,2013年203株,2014年205株,2015年181株,2016年200株。IPM-R组(耐药,251株):2012年46株,2013年51株,2014年55株,2015年46株,2016年53株。两组菌株年份分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。

1.2 研究方法

以年份为单位,统计1228株铜绿假单胞菌对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星8种抗菌药物的耐药率,观察变化趋势。依……

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