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现代化进程中的不足之处和相应的脱困之道

2018-01-03郑争文

科技视界 2018年24期

郑争文

【摘 要】现代化进程中有其不足之处,它们涉及到对于器物、精神和共同体的态度。现象学力图对器物、精神和共同体进行不加歪曲的、符合其自身面貌的展现,而历史唯物主义欲将器物、精神和共同体从剥削人的制度下予以“拨乱反正”,其间十分相似。要把从容的涵养置于外延式的器物制作之上,把人文价值置于物的实用性之上,重视内涵式的“具体化”的精细项目之琢磨;精神有其宽广性,它意味着某种决断,人应顺承它而非漠视它;每一个人都有身份,且不再与其他个体分离,个体的本质就在于它属于一个群体,归属于一个活生生的共同体。出位的人需要恰当地评估自己的状态,正确地归位。

【关键词】现代化;现象学

中图分类号: B26 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 2095-2457(2018)24-0077-003

DOI:10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2018.24.037

【Abstract】There are deficiencies in modernization, and the deficiencies involve into the attitudes on nature,beings,spirit and community. Phenomenology attempts to exhibit nature,beings,spirit and community without distortion and conforming to their own face. Analogously, historical materialism tries to bring order out of chaos to nature,beings,spirit and community which are under the exploitative system. It is a internal unity of human and nature, and the exacting of nature should turn to their symbiotic prosperity. We should place leisure self-restraint on outward manufacture, and place humanistic values on thingy practicability, and we should pay attention to the refining of meticulous projects which are of concrete connotation. Spirit has its broadness and it means a certain decisiveness. Man should not overlook spirit but follow it. Everybody has its status, and it does not separate from others. The essence of individual lies in its belonging to one group which is a living community. Man which is out of place should evaluate its status properly,and return to homing correctly.

【Key words】Modernization; Phenomenology

現代化虽然在运用技术、探索经济运行机制、探求管理方法和运用人的理性能力解决问题等方面做出过重大贡献。但是,在对待“器物制作”和人类精神的问题上,在对待共同体结构以及人的“位子”等问题上,现代化进程中出现了一些不尽人意的现象。其中的突出表现有:对“器物制作”的无限信心,对精神的漠视以及对共同体的实体主义的处理等等。

对于这几个方面的情况,历史唯物主义当然早就做了研讨,但有趣的是,海德格尔现象学也对之做了与历史唯物主义颇为神似的研究。海德格尔现象学可以这样来界定:“凡如存在者就其本身所显现的那样展示存在者,我们都称之为现象学。……

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