大蒜湿地自走式覆膜机的研究与设计
2018-01-03刘领涛
刘领涛
【摘 要】针对大蒜湿地自走式覆膜机对覆膜的特殊要求,结合国内外实际情况和常规技术,对该自走式覆膜机的整体造型、机械结构和控制系统进行研究设计。机械部分实现了对自走式覆膜机整体结构、覆膜轮等主要零部件的分析及设计;控制系统采用ARM单片机作为控制核心,通过直流伺服驱动器驱动伺服电机,同时配备了两个编码器实时监测覆膜机和地膜释放的速度,实现了覆膜机行走速度的稳定、可调,提高了覆膜的效率和可靠性。
【关键词】自走式;湿地覆膜机;ARM单片机
中图分类号: TP273 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 2095-2457(2018)24-0019-002
DOI:10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2018.24.009
【Abstract】According to the special requirements of garlic wetland self-propelled film mulching machine, combined with the actual situation at home and abroad and conventional technology, the overall modeling, mechanical structure and control system of the self-propelled film mulching machine were studied and designed. The mechanical part realizes the analysis and design of the integral structure of the self-propelled Film-covering machine and the main parts such as the Film-covering wheel.The control system uses ARM single chip microcomputer as the control core, and drives the servo motor by DC servo driver.At the same time, it is equipped with two encoders to monitor the speed of film mulching machine and film release in real time.The running speed of film mulching machine is stable and adjustable, and the efficiency and reliability of film mulching are improved.
【Key words】Self propelled;Wetland laminating machine;ARM single chip microcomputer
0 引言
為了使大蒜在种植后发芽效率更高、后期生长的更快、减少杂草的大量生长、在北方更好的越冬,我国种植大蒜的地域绝大部分都对大蒜进行湿地覆膜。覆膜的最佳时机是在刚刚种上大蒜且进行了第一次灌水后。传统的覆膜方法目前有两种,一种是人工用切板进行覆膜,这种方法效率低下且质量千差万别、与人工覆膜技术密切相关;另一种覆膜方法是半自动覆膜,利用手推车,但是需要人踩在刚刚覆了膜的湿地上,这样很容易对刚刚铺上的地膜造成破坏,同时会影响大蒜的出芽率。基于目前的这两种覆膜方法的缺点,本文利用直流伺服电机做动力、以ARM单片机为控制系统的核心,研究并设计了一款结构紧凑、经济性好、效率高、全自动、湿地自走式覆膜机。
1 覆膜机整体结构的研究与设计
覆膜机整体结构由车架、悬架、地膜支撑杆、车轮、直流伺服电机、编码器、蓄电池及电控箱等部分组成,机器整体结构如图1所示。……
