雷程远++李小媛++叶琳

【摘要】目的了解噪声接触人员的健康情况，为企业噪声作业人员的职业病防治和职业卫生管理工作提供科学依据。

方法选择2016年度南宁市某制糖企业进行职业健康体检的接噪人员为研究对象，按照《职业健康监护技术规范》对该企业862名在岗接噪工人进行职业健康检查。

结果该企业接噪工人疑似职业噪声聋、职业禁忌证和听力损失的检出率分别为1.59%、6.54%和45.44%，噪声作业人员血压异常随年龄的增长而增长（P<0.01），男性明显多于女性（P<0.01），与接噪工龄有关（P<0.05）；心电图异常、类神经症状、耳部症状、心血管系统症状、高血压的检出率分别为22.46%、30.15%、16.00%、6.80%和30.06%。

结论噪声已对该企业接噪工人健康造成一定危害，对噪声作业人员必须加强职业卫生监督管理，企业应该采取降噪措施并加强职业卫生防治知识宣传，以减少噪声造成的职业危害，做好职业防护。

【关键词】噪声；职业暴露；职业健康监护；控制措施

中图分类号：R134 文献标识码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.10031383.2017.05.007

Analysis of results of occupational health surveillance among noise exposed people in a sugar refinery in Nanning

[HJ2][HJ]

LEI Chengyuan，LI Xiaoyuan，YE Lin

（Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control，Nanning 530023，China）

[HJ2][HJ]

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo understand the health status of noise exposed people，and to provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention and occupational health management of noise workers in enterprises.

MethodsNoise exposed people who underwent occupational health examination in a sugar enterprise in Nanning in 2016 were selected.According to the Occupational Health Surveillance Technical Standard，the occupational health examination was carried out for 862 employees of the enterprise.

ResultsThe detection rate of occupational deafness，occupational contraindications and hearing loss was 1.59%，6.55% and 45.44%，respectively.The abnormal blood pressure of noise workers increased with age（P<0.01），men were significantly more than women（P<0.01），and it was related to noise exposed length（P<0.05）.The detection rate of ECG abnormalities，neurological symptoms，ear symptoms，cardiovascular system symptoms and hypertension was 22.46%，30.15%，16.00%，6.80% and 30.06%，respectively.

ConclusionNoise has caused some harm to the health of the workers，occupational health supervision and management must be strengthened among noise operators.Enterprises should take noise reduction measures and strengthen the publicity of occupational health knowledge to reduce the occupational hazards caused by noise，and do well at occupational protection.

【Key words】noise；occupational exposure；occupational health surveillance；control measures

噪声是广泛存在于工业生产中最常见的一种职业性有害因素，长期接触噪声可以引起特异性的听力损伤，严重者还可引起心血管系统和神经系统的非特异性损伤[1～2]。为探讨噪声对作业工人的危害，及时发现职业性听力损失、职业禁忌证和疑似职业噪声聋，对相关劳动者作妥善处置，更好地预防和减少噪声对机体的损害，现对2016年南宁市某制糖企业接噪人群职业健康检查结果进行分析（在作业环境下，按照 GBZ/T189.92007《工作场所物理因素测量第8部分：噪声》监测为80 dB），报告如下。endprint

1对象与方法

1.1对象

选择2016年南宁市某制糖企业进行职业健康检查的噪声作业的所有人员。……