王洪云+董亮

摘 要 目的：比较微创拔牙技术和传统拔牙技术在阻生齿拔除中的临床效果。方法：选取2016年6年—2017年6月行阻生齿拔除的患者91例为观察组，采用微创拔牙术，另选取2015年5月—2016年5月行阻生齿拔除的患者89例为对照组，采用传统的凿骨劈冠拔牙术。比较两组手术时间、拔牙窝完整性评分、术中术后并发症发生率及患者术后满意度。结果：观察组手术时间、拔牙窝完整性评分、术中术后并发症率和患者术后满意率均优于对照组，组间差异均均有统计学意义。结论：采用微创拔牙技术拔除阻生齿科缩短手术时间，减少创伤，降低术中术后并发症，并提高患者满意度，优于传统凿骨劈冠拔牙法。

关键词 微创拔牙术 凿骨劈冠拔牙术 阻生齿

中图分类号：R782.13 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2017）21-0053-02

Clinical application of minimally invasive and traditional extraction technology in the extraction of impacted teeth in 91 cases

WANG Hongyun， DONG Liang

（Department of Stomatology， Haibin Peoples Hospital of Tianjin， Tianjin 300280， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To compare the clinical effects of hammer chisel split crown method and microport extraction on the extraction of impacted tooth. Methods： Ninety-one patients underwent microport extraction of impacted tooth from Jun. 2016 to Jun. 2017 were selected as an observation group and 89 patients underwent traditional extraction of impacted tooth from May 2015 to May 2016 were selected as a control group. The operation time， completeness score of extracted tooth， complications and satisfaction degree were compared between the two groups. Results： The operation time， the completeness score of the extraction sockets， the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications and the postoperative satisfaction degree in the observation group were better than those in the control group and the differences showed statistical significance. Conclusion： Minimally invasive extraction technique for extracting impacted teeth can shorten operation time， reduce trauma and intraoperative and postoperative complications， and improve patient satisfaction， and it is better than the traditional chisel crown extraction method.

KEy WORDS microport extraction； hammer chisel split crown method； impacted molar

阻生齿是牙槽外科常见的一种口腔疾病，可引起疼痛、错颌畸形、牙冠周围牙龈炎、邻牙松动等口腔颌面部多种并发症。临床上一般主张预防性拔除阻生齿[1]。但由于阻生齿生长位置不正，解剖变异大，或可能被骨组织完全包围，阻生齿周围重要的生理结构与其周围的软、硬组织关系复杂，因此，阻生齿的拔除比其他牙困难，并发症也较多。传统拔牙术在拔除阻生齿过程中，需借助如凿骨、劈冠等辅助用力，往往使患者产生极大的恐惧感，且易造成局部创伤及一系列术中术后并发症，可影响患者术后的日常生活[2]。随着医药科技和口腔颌面外科学的发展，微创拔牙理念和技术逐渐引入临床。……